Preparation and characteristics of polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride anchored micro-fibriled cellulose: its composites with polypropylene

Abstract

The surface modification of micro-fibriled cellulose (MFC) was carried out through the hydrolysis-condensation reaction using (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APS) and then was subsequently treated with polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride (MAPP) to give desired MAPP-anchored MFC (MAPP-a-MFC). The confirmation of surface modification for the pristine MFCs was characterized by FTIR, EDX, and XPS measurements. The polypropylene (PP) composites with MAPP-a-MFC were prepared via typical melt-mixing method. The effects of MAPP-a-MFC on the physical properties of the PP composites were investigated. From the results of mechanical properties, thermal behaviors, and the morphology of the composites, it was found that there was an improved interfacial adhesion between the MAPP-a-MFC and PP matrix in the composites.

Role of the Macromolecular Architecture of Copolymers at Layer–Layer Interfaces of Multilayered Polymer Films: A Combined Morphological and Rheological Investigation

“…As more clearly shown by its N 1s spectrum (Figure 2d), one deconvoluted peak appears at 399.6 eV which originates from the amide (N−CO) groups of PA6, and the other peak at 400.8 eV is due to imide formation by the grafting reaction between MA groups of PP-g-MA and −NH 2 groups of PA6. 30 Such an observation clearly confirms that PA6 segments were grafted onto the backbones of PP-g-MA chains through the imide bond formation during the healing process of the PP-g-MA/PA6 bilayer, as shown by the chemical structure plotted in Figure 2b. The presence of this reaction and graft copolymers (PA6-co-PP-g-MA) formed between PP-g-MA and PA6 was also noticed elsewhere.…”

“…As clearly shown by the XPS survey spectra in Figure c, the presence of an intense N 1s peak around 399 eV for the reacted PP- g -MA/PA6 interface indicates that PA6 segments were already included in the copolymers formed at the interface (the F 1s peak around 688 eV is due to additives during polymer synthesis). As more clearly shown by its N 1s spectrum (Figure d), one deconvoluted peak appears at 399.6 eV which originates from the amide (N–CO) groups of PA6, and the other peak at 400.8 eV is due to imide formation by the grafting reaction between MA groups of PP- g -MA and −NH 2 groups of PA6 . Such an observation clearly confirms that PA6 segments were grafted onto the backbones of PP- g -MA chains through the imide bond formation during the healing process of the PP- g -MA/PA6 bilayer, as shown by the chemical structure plotted in Figure b.…”

Effect of Cellulose Microfiber Silylation Procedures on the Properties and Antibacterial Activity of Polydimethylsiloxane

“…Consequently, cellulose surface modification is of interest in order to improve compatibility with a variety of polymer matrices [14]. Many chemical and physical treatments methods have been proposed for cellulose surface modification, including corona or plasma discharges [15], vacuum UV treatments [16], and chemical methods, which involve pretreatment of fiber surfaces by coupling agents (such assilanes and isocyanates) [17,18], grafting processes [19,20], and alkali treatments [21], among other methods.…”

“…The modification of cellulose through silylation leads to improved hydrophobicity, thermal degradation, and reinforcement characteristics [17,30]. The procedure adopted to functionalize the cellulose surface may also produce a relevant influence on the final properties of the material [31].…”