Preparation and characterization of an organo-palygorskite-Fe3O4 nanomaterial for removal of anionic dyes from wastewater

Magnetic polystyrene–palygorskite nanocomposite obtained by heterogeneous phase polymerization to apply in the treatment of oily waters

“…The loss in the 36.95–85.04 °C interval can be attributed to the loss of water molecules located on PS surface, and the event in the 220.11–252.57 °C range can be attributed to loss of the structural water . Between 403.23–464.10 °C, there was a mass reduction of approximately 18.5%, corresponding to the decomposition of the organic fraction of polystyrene and CTAB molecules, as seen in paly‐Fe 3 O 4 ‐organo in an earlier study . It is possible that during the degradation of PS, the main chain degrades first, followed by the aromatic rings .…”

“…These peaks were attributed to the crystal structures of palygorskite and some impurities, like kaolinite, anatase, and quartz . Additionally, after the palygorskite magnetization, the crystalline phases of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles are clearly seen in Figure (c), in the same way as the CTAB adsorbed on the paly‐Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles can be observed in Figure (d) . Finally, after paly‐Fe 3 O 4 ‐organo encapsulation by polystyrene [Figure (e)], a decrease in the nanoparticles crystallinity occurred.…”

“…The procedure of this synthesis began with magnetization of palygorskite nanoparticles at 70 °C under vigorous stirring by co‐precipitation of ferric and ferrous chloride in an alkaline suspension of palygorskite with pre‐adsorbed Fe(III), determined by evaluating Fe(III) adsorption onto palygorskite surfaces . After that, the nanoparticles were organophilized using a cationic surfactant with a long apolar chain [cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)] in order to change the surface hydrophilicity …”

“…In this study, organo‐Fe 3 O 4 ‐palygorskite nanoparticles, with high surface hydrophobicity and strong affinity for styrene monomers to facilitate encapsulation by polystyrene, were used to remove oil from wastewater by application of a magnetic field. A heterogeneous phase polymerization was used and the nanoparticles were characterized and evaluated for their performance in the removal of oil from the oily water samples.…”

Glycerin‐Based Polyurethane Obtained by Inverse Emulsion: Comparison Between Magnetic Induction and Conventional Heating

“…The maghemite was prepared by homogeneous co-precipitation, following the described procedure as published elsewhere. [3,4,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] In a typical procedure, 25 mL of the aqueous solutions of FeCl 3 .6H 2 O (0.25 M) and FeSO 4 .7H 2 O (0.25 M) were mixed, under mechanical stirring at 600 rpm, at 30 C. Then, after 10 min, 20 mL of aqueous KOH solution (2 M) was added, inducing the formation of a black precipitate (magnetite). The resulting solution was kept under mechanical stirring for 30 min.…”