Preparation and characterization of bioactive and breathable polyvinyl alcohol nanowebs using a combinational approach

J of Applied Polymer Sci

Kendall

et al. 2020

Self Cite

A tensile properties testing study was conducted to understand the influence of thickness, cross-head speed (speed of testing), gauge length (GL; specimen test length), and sample shape on important tensile properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofiber webs. The effects of each testing parameter on load at break, extension at break, Young's modulus, and tensile stress-strain curve of PVA nanofiber webs are analyzed. The Welch two sample t-tests show the significant difference among tested data. Using interaction plots, two-way analysis of variance, and margin mean plots, the interaction effects among testing parameters have been analyzed. Of all the factors, cross-head speed, the interaction among GL, and sample thickness (GL: Thickness) and the interaction among GL, testing speed and sample thickness (GL: Speed: Thickness) have significant influence on the tensile properties of PVA nanofiber webs. Moreover, the hypothesized model of mechanism of tensile strain-stress curve of PVA nanofiber webs has been proposed. Based on the model, the tensile strain-stress curve can be split into three stages: linear elastic, partial break up, and complete breakage. This study will provide a better understanding of tensile testing parameters' effects and their interaction effects on the tensile properties of nanowebs.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile testing and fracture mechanism analysis of polyvinyl alcohol nanofibrous webs

J of Applied Polymer Sci

Kendall

et al. 2020

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“…Functional photocatalytic nanofiber webs are promising environmentally friendly candidates for the photodegradation of organic pollutants, such as dyes and pigments. Nanofibers have high specific morphology, small diameter and small pore size, and customizable physicochemical characteristics, which make them excellent candidates in wastewater treatment, biomedical applications, protein purification, and air filtration…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrospinning is a popular and simple method to produce functional nanofiber webs among all existing nanofiber webs technologies, such as melt spinning, solution spinning, and emulsion spinning, because of its high efficiency and uniformity in fiber diameter . In addition, by dispersing nanoparticles into electrospinning solution, the nanoparticles can be embedded into nanofibers more uniformly compared to smearing nanoparticles on the nanowebs' surface through post‐treatment methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible Light Photocatalytic Functional TiO₂/PVDF Nanofibers for Dye Pollutant Degradation

Part & Part Syst Charact

Wang

Lee

et al. 2019

contaminated water becomes an environmental hazard.Functional photocatalytic nanofiber webs [6,7] are promising environmentally friendly candidates for the photodegradation of organic pollutants, such as dyes and pigments. Nanofibers have high specific morphology, [8] small diameter [9] and small pore size, [10] and customizable physicochemical characteristics, [11] which make them excellent candidates in wastewater treatment, [12] biomedical applications, [13][14][15] protein purification, [16] and air filtration. [17] Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) [18] is a commonly used hydrophobic polymer for wastewater treatment, due to its excellent thermal stability, mechanical stability, chemical resistance, and selective permeability. However, interception effect (meaning large particles would be intercepted by small pore size nanofiber webs), the major ultrafiltration mechanism for unfunctionalized PVDF nanofiber webs, [19] limits their applications because of their low filtration efficiency and poor functionality. The addition of nanoparticles could improve the photocatalytic properties, [20] mechanical properties, [21] hydrophobicity, [22,23] and other functional performances of nanofiber webs. [19][20][21][22][23] Moreover, physical modification methods (addition of functional nanoparticles) have proved to be simpler and more effective than chemical modification methods. [24] Commonly used nanoparticles include titanium dioxide (anatase TiO 2 ), [25] zinc oxide (ZnO), [26] aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), [27] magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ), [28] graphite oxide (GO), [29] multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), [30] and polymeric nanoparticles. [31] Polymeric nanoparticles, including nanospheres and nanocapsules, are formed by a polymeric matrix and mainly used for drug delivery, where the molecules are absorbed in or on the matrix, for example, encapsulation of insulin in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles. [32] Among these nanoparticles, anatase titanium dioxide is the most widely used catalyst for water treatment because of low cost, stability in water, and high photocatalytic property. [19][20][21] The addition of TiO 2 in nanofiber webs can greatly improve the degradation rate of organic pigments/dyes pollutants, [19] antibacterial properties, [20] and other performances (antifouling property, wettability). [20,21,23] Electrospinning is a popular and simple method to produce functional nanofiber webs among all existing nanofiber webs technologies, such as melt spinning, solution spinning, andThe photodegradation of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) nanofibers under visible light is described, something that has not been previously reported in the literature. Visible light photocatalytic electrospun PVDF/TiO 2 nanofiber webs with anatase TiO 2 concentration varying from 0% to 20% (0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 10%, and 20%) are produced, and their ability to degrade a toxic pollutant, Rhodamine B (RhB), is studied. Photodegradation study using UV-vis spectroscopy on PVDF/TiO 2 nanofiber webs (with TiO 2 con...

“…The characteristics of large surface area to volume ratio (about 10 3 higher than microfiber), flexibility, light in weight, small diameter (300–1000 nm), and smaller pore size (< 3 μm) enable electrospun nanofiber webs to be suitable for air and water filtration, biomedical, and other applications . A few researchers have focused on new products and new applications .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the different polymers used in electrospinning process, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is a most common polymer because of its water solubility, biodegradable, easy handling, and so forth. In addition, PVA has been extensively investigated due to its excellent film forming ability, adhesiveness, flexibility, along with high oxygen, and aroma barrier properties . PVA webs produced by electrospinning have been widely employed in filtration, biomedical applications such as protein purification, hydrogels, and enzyme immobilization .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of testing parameters for tensile property evaluation of poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibers webs

J of Applied Polymer Sci

Wang

Ramkumar

2018

Self Cite

An optimization study was conducted to understand the influence of thickness, speed of testing, and gauge length (specimen test length) on important mechanical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofiber webs. Using orthogonal experimental design, experimental trials were optimized for the three testing parameters, which enabled to undertake 25 experiments involving the three variables at five different levels. Polynomial regression equations show that the three variables have interactive influence on the mechanical properties tested. Of the three variables, thickness of nanofiber webs seems to have maximum influence on tensile properties. This study showed that the optimal values for tensile testing of nanowebs are gauge length at 0.50 cm, thickness of nanowebs at 0.10 mm, and speed of testing at 25 mmÁmin −1 . This study will provide an opportunity to establish a standard method for the tensile evaluation of nanowebs involving gauge length, thickness, and speed of testing.