Preparation and characterization of cellulose nanofibers from de-pectinated sugar beet pulp

Li, Meng; Wang, Li Jun; Li, Dong; Cheng, Yan; Adhikari, Benu

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.11.021

Cited by 208 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…All the diffractograms showed two peaks at approximately 2θ = 14.0° to 16.0° and 22.0° to 24.0°, which are thought to represent the typical cellulose I structure (Nishiyama et al 2003). This indicated that the crystalline structure of cellulose was not completely changed during the alkaline per oxide pulping and ultrasonication treatment (Chen et al 2011;Li et al 2014). The peak at approximately 2θ = 14.0° to 16.0° is classified as a secondary peak for the amorphous region of cellulose, whereas the primary peak near 22.0° to 24.0° represents the crystalline region of cellulose .…”

Section: Xrd Analysismentioning

confidence: 79%

“…However, ultrasonication using H2SO4 treatment provided NCC samples with a higher crystallinity index (88.32%) than [EMIM] + Cl − treated samples (83.42%) ( Table 3). The extent of increase of crystallinity in chemically treated sample compared to the untreated one can be attributed to the effective elimination of lignin and hemicellulose from the amorphous region of cellulose (Li et al 2014).The intensity of the secondary peak after successive pretreatment displayed a certain proportion of reduction, indicating a disruption in the amorphous region.…”

Section: Xrd Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

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Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Cellulose using Ultrasonication Combined with a Microwave-assisted Pretreatment Process

Chowdhury

Hamid

2016

BioResources

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This study focuses on the extraction of nanocrystalline cellulose ( NCC) from the dried stalk of Corchorus olitorius, commonly known as jute, using a combination of a microwave-assisted alkaline peroxide pulping process (AHP) and ultrasonication. Dried jute stalk powder was pretreated using sodium hydroxide under microwave irradiation for the removal of lignin. The partially delignified sample was bleached using 30% hydrogen peroxide solution. The resulting crude cellulose was hydrolyzed using ultrasonication in the presence of ionic liquid and sulfuric acid. The effect of hydrolyzing medium on the physicochemical characteristics of the extracted nanocellulose was investigated. The nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) obtained after combined treatments was rod-like, with diameters of 10 to 15 nm and lengths of 92 to 105 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) showed that some breakages of intramolecular hydrogen bonds and glycosidic bonds occurred during the hydrolysis reaction of pretreated biomass. Ultrasonication in the presence of an acid hydrolyzing medium most effectively accelerated these breakages in the long chain cellulose biopolymer, leading to the formation of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) with higher crystallinity.

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Section: Xrd Analysismentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Xrd Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Cellulose using Ultrasonication Combined with a Microwave-assisted Pretreatment Process

Chowdhury

Hamid

2016

BioResources

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“…The conversion of cellulose I to cellulose II could have happened because of alkaline treatment, but the change was visible only after the bleaching process (P2 stage) (Gassan and Bledzki 1999;Klemm et al 2005). Improvement in crystallinity of bleached fibres following the HPH treatment has been already reported (Li et al 2014). 2.…”

Section: Thermal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In the range of 400 to 640 °C, the residual weight decreased with the number of processing steps, which might have been due to char-forming substances (sugars, proteins, lignin, and hemicelluloses) and their subsequent removal during the different processing steps. The role of HPH in further improvement of thermal stability of bleached fibres has already been widely reported (Li et al 2014).…”

Section: Thermal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilising Brewer’s Spent Grain as a Source of Cellulose Nanofibres Following Separation of Protein-based Biomass

Mishra¹,

Gregor²,

Wimmer³

2016

BioResources

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A multistage process was employed to obtain value-added products from brewer's spent grain (BSG). This paper is focused on the production and characterisation of cellulose nano-fibres (CNF) as one of the products obtained during the complete process. In the first stage, protein-rich liquor was separated via the alkaline (NaOH) treatment of dried BSG and stored for further utilisation. In the second stage, bleaching treatments were conducted to separate cellulose, which was later converted to CNF by high-pressure homogenisation. The lignocellulosic product from each step was analysed for its chemical composition by means of alkaline hydrolysis combined with the HPEAC method. The thermal properties were measured using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) was done to observe changes in crystallinity. The nano-cellulose produced can be regarded as a value-added material from the bio-refinery of BSG along with numerous already-reported products.

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“…The sonicator (1200 W) was operated at 99% amplitude for 30 min. This sonication time was used by Li et al (2014) in a similar sonication study. The beaker containing the sample was partially immersed in an ice bath to ensure that the samples did not become overheated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of homogenization and ultrasonication on the physical properties of insoluble wheat bran fibres

Hu¹,

Zhang²,

Adhikari³

et al. 2015

International Agrophysics

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A b s t r a c t. Wheat bran is rich in dietary fibre and its annual output is abundant, but underutilized. Insoluble dietary fibre often influences food quality negatively; therefore, how to improve the physical and chemical properties of insoluble dietary fibre of wheat bran for post processing is a challenge. Insoluble dietary fibre was obtained from wheat bran and micronized using high-pressure homogenization, high-intensity sonication, and a combination of these two methods. The high-pressure homogenization and high-pressure homogenization+high-intensity sonication treatments significantly (p<0.05) improved the solubility, swelling, water-holding, oil-holding, and cation exchange capacities. The improvement of the above properties by highintensity sonication alone was marginal. In most cases, the highpressure homogenization process was as good as the high-pressure homogenization+high-intensity sonication process in improving the above-mentioned properties; hence, the contribution of highintensity sonication in the high-pressure homogenization+high-intensity sonication process was minimal. The best results show that the minimum particle size of wheat bran can reach 9 μm, and the solubility, swelling, water-holding, oil-holding, cation exchange capacities change significantly.

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Preparation and characterization of cellulose nanofibers from de-pectinated sugar beet pulp

Cited by 208 publications

References 36 publications

Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Cellulose using Ultrasonication Combined with a Microwave-assisted Pretreatment Process

Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Cellulose using Ultrasonication Combined with a Microwave-assisted Pretreatment Process

Utilising Brewer’s Spent Grain as a Source of Cellulose Nanofibres Following Separation of Protein-based Biomass

Effect of homogenization and ultrasonication on the physical properties of insoluble wheat bran fibres

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