Preparation and characterization of Co–Cu–ZrO 2 nanomaterials and their catalytic activity in CO 2 methanation

Recent Developments in the Modelling of Heterogeneous Catalysts for CO2 Conversion to Chemicals

“…CO 2 methanation can reach 99 % CH 4 selectivity through the use of appropriate catalysts, avoiding the subsequent product separation and overcoming the difficulty of dispersed product distribution. [19] The most studied noble and nonnoble metalbased catalysts for CO 2 methanation are Ni, [100][101][102] Ru, [103][104][105] Rh, [106,107] Pd, [108,109] Co, [110,111] Fe, [112,113] Cu, [114,115] Pt, [116] Ag [39] and Au [39] catalysts from which the most important role to methanation process has Ru, Fe, Ni, and Co. [39,117] According to the various studies the activity performance and selectivity of different metal-based catalysts decreases in the following order: [118] Ni and Ru are reported to have maximum activity and stability. [119] Ni based catalysts are very effective due to the presence of easily transferable electrons in the frontier d orbitals and therefore are the most efficient and active catalytic system together with alumina as a support that may be applied on industrial scale.…”

“…CO 2 methanation can reach 99 % CH 4 selectivity through the use of appropriate catalysts, avoiding the subsequent product separation and overcoming the difficulty of dispersed product distribution . The most studied noble and nonnoble metal‐based catalysts for CO 2 methanation are Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Co, Fe, Cu, Pt, Ag and Au catalysts from which the most important role to methanation process has Ru, Fe, Ni, and Co . According to the various studies the activity performance and selectivity of different metal‐based catalysts decreases in the following order: Ru>Rh>Ni>Fe>Co>Pt>Pd and Pd>Pt>Ni>Rh>Co>Fe>Ru subsequently .…”

Tuning Zeolite Properties towards CO2 Methanation: An Overview

“…While CO 2 methanation catalysts based on noble metals such as Rh or Ru do not normally present sintering problems, Ni, Cu or Co based samples, among others, are more susceptible to metal particles agglomeration and aggregation, leading to significant effects on the dispersion. In this context, several works reported the beneficial effect of adding transition metals, noble metals, lanthanides or even alkali earth metals in partially suppressing Ni particles sintering ,,,,,,,,. Among all, Ce has been the most commonly used,,,,,,,, mainly due to its effects, not only on the dispersion of the metallic species (from ∼19 to ∼3 nm Ni 0 particles in 5 %Ni/USY and 5 %Ni‐3 %Ce/USY catalysts, respectively), but also due to the favoured activation of CO 2 over Ce species, as it will be further discussed later.…”

“…In this context, several works reported the beneficial effect of adding transition metals, noble metals, lanthanides or even alkali earth metals in partially suppressing Ni particles sintering. [35,36,43,47,48,54,66,78,[88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100] Among all, Ce has been the most commonly used, [35,36,48,54,66,78,[89][90][91]99] mainly due to its effects, not only on the dispersion of the metallic species (from~19 to~3 nm Ni 0 particles in 5 %Ni/USY and 5 %Ni-3 % Ce/USY catalysts, respectively), but also due to the favoured activation of CO 2 over Ce species, as it will be further discussed later. The incorporation of La over 10 wt.% Ni/BEA was also found to lead to a decrease in the metallic Ni particles size from 20 in the Ni/BEA catalyst to~12,~9 and~7 nm in the bimetallic samples containing 10 wt.% Ni and 5, 10 and 15 wt.% La.…”

“…As previously mentioned, in the case of the metallic phase dispersion, the addition of promoters can prevent sintering processes, especially for Ni catalysts. [35,36,43,47,48,54,66,78,[88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100] Additionally, these promoters can also be responsible for the enhancement of the sample's basicity and/or the supplying of additional sites for CO 2 molecules adsorption and activation. Among all, Mg and Ce have been commonly reported.…”