Preparation and characterization of lithium aluminate

Kinoshita, K.; Sim, J. W.; Ackerman, J.P.

doi:10.1016/0025-5408(78)90152-6

Cited by 74 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…[25]). In particular, the synthesis of LiAlO 2 is well described by using either sol-based [26] or solid phase reaction-based [27] routes. Although the quantitative yield of the solid-phase reaction is given for temperatures higher than 370 • C, a surface-limited reaction can be assumed for the milling conditions applied in the present work.…”

Section: Results Of the Ball Milling: Size Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanochemical Reactions of Lithium Niobate Induced by High-Energy Ball-Milling

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lithium niobate (LiNbO3, LN) nanocrystals were prepared by ball-milling of the crucible residue of a Czochralski grown congruent single crystal, using a Spex 8000 Mixer Mill with different types of vials (stainless steel, alumina, tungsten carbide) and various milling parameters. Dynamic light scattering and powder X-ray diffraction were used to determine the achieved particle and grain sizes, respectively. Possible contamination from the vials was checked by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy measurements. Milling resulted in sample darkening due to mechanochemical reduction of Nb (V) via polaron and bipolaron formation, oxygen release and Li2O segregation, while subsequent oxidizing heat-treatments recovered the white color with the evaporation of Li2O and crystallization of a LiNb3O8 phase instead. The phase transformations occurring during both the grinding and the post-grinding heat treatments were studied by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and optical reflection measurement, while the Li2O content of the as-ground samples was quantitatively measured by coulometric titration.

show abstract

Section: Results Of the Ball Milling: Size Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanochemical Reactions of Lithium Niobate Induced by High-Energy Ball-Milling

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A number of recent studies, however, have shown that the c-LiAlO 2 undergoes particle growth, and the crystal phase of a-LiAlO 2 in the matrix is more stable than c-LiAlO 2 during MCFC operation [5][6][7]. Although a-LiAlO 2 is the most stable in molten carbonate, however, it does require expensive raw materials and a complicate fabrication process [3,8,9] all of which raise the unit MCFC manufacturing cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cost‐effective Synthesis of α‐LiAlO₂ Powders for Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Matrices

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lithium aluminate (α‐/β‐LiAlO2) particles were fabricated using three methods. The first method used organic glycerin and triethylene glycol which functioned as a catalyst for fabrication of α‐LiAlO2 particles with Al(OH)3 and LiOH·H2O as the starting materials. As a result of the heat‐treatment of the starting materials, α‐/β‐LiAlO2 particles could be obtained. The amount of α‐LiAlO2 particles in α‐/β‐LiAlO2 increased slightly as more organics were added. Additionally, when synthesised α‐/β‐LiAlO2 particles were heat‐treated in a CO2 gas flow, β‐LiAlO2 was partially transformed to α‐LiAlO2. In the second method, molten salts (Li2/Na2/K2CO3) were used as a catalyst to fabricate α‐LiAlO2 as a major phase, however, this method requires a washing process which can produce unexpected impurities. In the third method, pure α‐LiAlO2 was obtained by heat‐treatment of cheap sources such as Li2CO3 and Al(OH)3 at 600–800 °C. The mean particle size (604 nm–11.85 μm) and the specific surface area (3.22–11.4 m2 g–1) of α‐LiAlO2 were suitable for reinforcing the matrix and tape casting. Lastly, this study examined the effect of CO2 for the synthesising of α‐LiAlO2 particles.

show abstract

“…The a-LiAlO 2 phase was created at the initial stage of the immersion test, and the ratio of the a-LiAlO 2 phase to the c-LiAlO 2 phase gradually increased. This might be attributed to the low solubility of a-LiAlO 2 compared to the c-LiAlO 2 phase in molten carbonate after 20,000 h. As can be seen in Figure 3, the b-LiAlO 2 phase in the synthetic a-/b-LiAlO 2 particles was transformed completely to a-/c-LiAlO 2 after 500 h and after that, the c-LiAlO 2 phase almost completely transformed to a-LiAlO 2 as the operating time approached 20,000 h. These results, LiAlO 2 allotropies have a dominant position in phase stability in the sequence a-phase>c-phase>b-phase at 650°C in molten carbonate [6,7]. The XRD patterns in Figures 4 and 5 indicate that Al and Li 2 CO 3 particles in Al-reinforced c-LiAlO 2 matrices and Al-reinforced a-LiAlO 2 matrices were transformed to c-LiAlO 2 and a-LiAlO 2 , respectively.…”

Section: Crystalline Phase Stability Of Lialomentioning

confidence: 58%

Phase and Microstructural Stability of Electrolyte Matrix Materials for Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

LiAlO2 powder is used as a material for molten‐carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) matrices. The physical and chemical stabilities of LiAlO2 powder during MCFC operation determine the performance and lifetimes of the cells. Change to the phase and particle size in the allotropic phase of LiAlO2 was examined with long‐term stability tests on pure α‐LiAlO2 matrix, Al‐reinforced α‐LiAlO2 matrix, Al‐reinforced γ‐LiAlO2 matrix, aqueous γ‐LiAlO2 matrix and an α‐/β‐LiAlO2 mixture powder in molten carbonate at 650 °C in air. In the γ‐LiAlO2 and α‐/β‐LiAlO2 mixture, the particle growth was continuous from the early stages of heat‐treatment to 20,000 h. Crystalline phase transformation (γ‐LiAlO2 and β‐LiAlO2 to α‐LiAlO2 and γ‐LiAlO2, respectively) of these powders and matrices also occurred, and γ‐LiAlO2 made the third phase like LiAl5O8. By contrast, the sizes of these particles and the crystalline phase of α‐LiAlO2 did not change during immersion tests. These results show that, among α‐/β‐ and γ‐LiAlO2, α‐LiAlO2 is the most stable phase in molten carbonate.

show abstract

Preparation and characterization of lithium aluminate

Cited by 74 publications

References 12 publications

Mechanochemical Reactions of Lithium Niobate Induced by High-Energy Ball-Milling

Mechanochemical Reactions of Lithium Niobate Induced by High-Energy Ball-Milling

Cost‐effective Synthesis of α‐LiAlO₂ Powders for Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Matrices

Phase and Microstructural Stability of Electrolyte Matrix Materials for Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Preparation and characterization of lithium aluminate

Cited by 74 publications

References 12 publications

Mechanochemical Reactions of Lithium Niobate Induced by High-Energy Ball-Milling

Mechanochemical Reactions of Lithium Niobate Induced by High-Energy Ball-Milling

Cost‐effective Synthesis of α‐LiAlO2 Powders for Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Matrices

Phase and Microstructural Stability of Electrolyte Matrix Materials for Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Cost‐effective Synthesis of α‐LiAlO₂ Powders for Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Matrices