Preparation and characterization of monodisperse oligo(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate polymer beads for aqueous high-performance liquid chromatography

Oginö, Kazuhíde; Sato, Hisaya; Aihara, Yûichi; Suzuki, Hiroshi; Moriguchi, Soyao

doi:10.1016/0021-9673(95)00035-l

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A single-stage swelling and polymerization method for the production of poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) and oligo(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate beads has also been developed [15,16]. These beads have been used as chro-matographic packing in size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and have shown a good performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Monodisperse porous poly(vinyl acetate-co-divinylbenzene) particles by single-stage seeded polymerization: A packing material for reversed phase HPLC

et al. 2006

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A single-stage swelling and polymerization method was proposed for the synthesis of monodisperse porous poly(vinyl acetate-co-divinylbenzene) [poly(VAc-co-DVB)] particles with different VAc/DVB feed ratios. The particles obtained with the VAc/DVB feed ratio of 50:50 v/v had a narrow pore size distribution exhibiting a sharp peak at 30 nm. Based on this distribution the mean pore size and the specific volume were determined as 12 nm and 1.39 mL/g, respectively. The specific surface area of poly(VAc-co-DVB) particles was found to be 470 m2/g. These properties make poly(VAc-co-DVB) particles a promising support for potential HPLC applications. Poly(vinyl alcohol-co-divinylbenzene) [poly(VA-co-DVB)] particles were then obtained by the basic hydrolysis of poly(VAc-co-DVB) particles. The hydroxyl groups on poly(VA-co-DVB) particles have a suitably reactive functionality for surface grafting or derivatization protocols aiming at synthesizing various HPLC packings. The examination of poly(VA-co-DVB) particles by confocal laser scanning microscopy showed the homogeneous distribution of hydroxyl functionality in the particle interior. As a starting point, the chromatographic performance of plain material, poly(VAc-co-DVB) particles produced with VAc/DVB feed ratio of 50:50 (v/v) was tested by a commonly utilized chromatographic mode, reversed phase chromatography. Poly(VAc-co-DVB) particles were successfully used as packing material in the RP separation of alkylbenzenes with resolutions higher than 1.5. Theoretical plate numbers up to 17 500 plates/m were achieved. No significant change both in the chromatographic resolution and column efficiency was observed with increasing flow rate. The chromatography showed that poly(VAc-co-DVB) particles were a suitable starting material for the synthesis of chromatographic packings for different modes of HPLC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Monodisperse porous poly(vinyl acetate-co-divinylbenzene) particles by single-stage seeded polymerization: A packing material for reversed phase HPLC

et al. 2006

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“…We used the term "modified seeded polymerization" because a different multi-stage polymerization procedure with respect to the conventional original methods, "activated swelling protocol" and "Ogino's method" was followed in our case (6,7,15,16,28,29). Our multi-stage particle-synthesis protocol was started with a seed latex obtained by dispersion polymerization.…”

Section: Particle Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The particles obtained with this protocol were successfully used as packing material in the normal phase mode and provided reasonably high column efficiency (14). These beads were successfully used in the separation of proteins by aqueous-size exclusion chromatography (SEC) (16). This approach was also used for the synthesis of oligo(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate beads in the size range of 5.5-9.7 mm (16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxyl Functionalized Uniform‐Porous Beads, Synthesis and Chromatographic Use

Unsal

Camli

Teksen

et al. 2005

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A

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Uniform-porous poly(dihydroxypropyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate), poly(DHPM-co-EDM) particles were synthesized as an alternative packing material for reversed phase chromatography. In the synthesis, poly(glycidyl methacrylate-ethylene dimethacrylate), poly(GMA-co-EDM) particles were obtained by a multi-stage swelling and polymerization protocol, the so called "modified seeded polymerization". For this purpose, 2.4 mm polystyrene seed particles were first swollen by dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and then by a monomer mixture including glycidyl methacrylate and ethylene dimethacrylate. The repolymerization of monomer phase in the swollen seed particles provided porous uniform particles approximately 7 mm in size. Poly(DHPM-co-EDM) particles were obtained by the acid hydrolysis of the particles synthesized with different GMA feed concentrations. These particles were used as column-packing material in the reversed phase separation of alkylbenzenes. The retention factor-acetonitrile concentration diagrams clearly showed that the polarity of packing material could be controlled by changing the GMA feed concentration in the "modified seeded polymerization". The packing materials with more hydrophobic character (i.e., poly(EDM) and poly(DHPM-co-EDM) particles produced with the GMA feed concentrations up to 20%) exhibited better chromatographic performance in the reversed phase mode.

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“…Various methods have been proposed for the production of monodisperse porous polymer particles suitable as HPLC packing materials 1–22. The first method, the so‐called “Activated Multi‐Step Swelling and Polymerization,” was developed by Ugelstad et al for the production of compact or porous‐monodisperse particles in the range of 1–20 μm 1–5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monodisperse‐porous poly(styrene‐ co ‐divinylbenzene) particles 10 μm in size were also prepared by “Seeded Emulsion Polymerization.”6, 7 “Staged Shape Template Polymerization” was another multistage protocol developed for the production of monodisperse poly(glycidyl methacrylate‐ co ‐ethylene dimethacrylate) particles 8, 9. By starting from the polystyrene seed particles produced by dispersion polymerization, Ogino et al established a single stage swelling and polymerization method for the production of poly(styrene‐ co ‐divinylbenzene) beads in the size range of 4.1–7.5 μm and oligo(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate beads in the range of 5.5–9.7 μm 10, 11. These beads were used as packing material in Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) and exhibited good separation performance 10, 11.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monodisperse‐porous poly(styrene‐co‐divinylbenzene) beads providing high column efficiency in reversed phase HPLC

Unsal

Elmas

Camli

et al. 2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A multistage polymerization protocol, the so-called "modified seeded polymerization," was developed for the production of monodisperse-porous poly(styrene-codivinylbenzene) providing high column efficiency as a packing material in reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RPLC). In the first stage of the multistage production, uniform polystyrene seed particles, produced by dispersion polymerization, were swollen by an organic agent (i.e., the diluent) and then by a monomer mixture containing styrene and divinylbenzene. The final porous particles were obtained in the monodisperse form by the polymerization of monomer mixture in the seed particles. By the use of a small size seed latex with low molecular weight and by the selection of the appropriate diluent, relatively small monodisperse-porous particles with suitable pore structure could be achieved. In the reversed phase separation of alkylbenzenes, under isocratic conditions, theoretical plate numbers up to 40,000 plates/m were achieved by using 5.2 m porous particles, obtained by a toluene-dibutyl phthalate mixture as the diluent. No significant decrease in the resolution power was observed by the fourfold increase in the mobile phase flow rate. The column efficiency and the resolution observed with 5.2 m monodisperse-porous particles were significantly higher with respect to the currently available polymer based packing materials used in the reversed phase HPLC.

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Preparation and characterization of monodisperse oligo(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate polymer beads for aqueous high-performance liquid chromatography

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Monodisperse porous poly(vinyl acetate-co-divinylbenzene) particles by single-stage seeded polymerization: A packing material for reversed phase HPLC

Monodisperse porous poly(vinyl acetate-co-divinylbenzene) particles by single-stage seeded polymerization: A packing material for reversed phase HPLC

Hydroxyl Functionalized Uniform‐Porous Beads, Synthesis and Chromatographic Use

Monodisperse‐porous poly(styrene‐co‐divinylbenzene) beads providing high column efficiency in reversed phase HPLC

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