Preparation and characterization of nanoparticles of carboxymethyl cellulose acetate butyrate containing acyclovir

Abstract

Nanoparticles of carboxymethyl cellulose acetate butyrate complexed with the poorly soluble antiviral drug acyclovir (ACV) were produced by precipitation process and the formulation process and properties of nanoparticles were investigated. Two different particle synthesis methods were explored-a conventional precipitation method and a rapid precipitation in a multi-inlet vortex mixer. The particles were processed by rotavap followed by freeze-drying. Particle diameters as measured by dynamic light scattering were dependent on the synthesis method used. The conventional precipitation method did not show desired particle size distribution, whereas particles prepared by the mixer showed well-defined particle size *125-450 nm before and after freeze-drying, respectively, with narrow polydispersity indices. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed chemical stability and intactness of entrapped drug in the nanoparticles. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that the drug was in amorphous state in the polymer matrix. ACV drug loading was around 10 wt%. The release studies showed increase in solution concentration of drug from the nanoparticles compared to the as-received crystalline drug.

Nanoparticles Based on Hydrophobic Polysaccharide Derivatives—Formation Principles, Characterization Techniques, and Biomedical Applications

“…A recently emerged process for preparing polymer NP is the so called flash nanoprecipitation. [ 45–52 ] A microfluidic device with different inlets (multi‐inlet vortex mixer/MIVM) is used that allows simultaneous rapid mixing of several volumetric streams containing, e.g., polymer solution, precipitant, surfactant, and even additional substances (drug, dye, etc.) for encapsulation within the NP.…”

“…[ 45 ] The process enables control over the size and size distribution by adjusting the flow rates of each stream and the turbulence within the device that is expressed by the Reynolds number. [ 46,47 ] Flash nanoprecipitation is still rather unexplored in the field of PS‐NP but the method has a potential in particular for encapsulation of substances within the particles.…”

“…These two techniques were also used for physical incorporation of drugs into carboxymethyl CAB‐based PS‐NP with diameters of about 100–200 nm, which proved to be advantageous over dropping techniques for this kind of hydrophobic cellulose esters with an additional anionic ether group. [ 46–48,51 ]…”

“…Reproduced under the terms of the Creative Commons CC‐BY License. [ 47 ] Copyright 2015, The Authors.…”

Amphiphilic Cellulose as Stabilizer for Oil/ Water Emulsion

“…In case of EAC 3 , a large broad peak was observed at temperature of 97.54 o C. That corresponds to the melting temperature (T m ), and this clearly showed the phase transition behavior of pure EAC 3 from solid to liquid state [24].…”