Preparation and Characterization of Plasma-Derived Fibrin Hydrogels Modified by Alginate di-Aldehyde

Abstract

Fibrin hydrogels are one of the most popular scaffolds used in tissue engineering due to their excellent biological properties. Special attention should be paid to the use of human plasma-derived fibrin hydrogels as a 3D scaffold in the production of autologous skin grafts, skeletal muscle regeneration and bone tissue repair. However, mechanical weakness and rapid degradation, which causes plasma-derived fibrin matrices to shrink significantly, prompted us to improve their stability. In our study, plasma-derived fibrin was chemically bonded to oxidized alginate (alginate di-aldehyde, ADA) at 10%, 20%, 50% and 80% oxidation, by Schiff base formation, to produce natural hydrogels for tissue engineering applications. First, gelling time studies showed that the degree of ADA oxidation inhibits fibrin polymerization, which we associate with fiber increment and decreased fiber density; moreover, the storage modulus increased when increasing the final volume of CaCl2 (1% w/v) from 80 µL to 200 µL per milliliter of hydrogel. The contraction was similar in matrices with and without human primary fibroblasts (hFBs). In addition, proliferation studies with encapsulated hFBs showed an increment in cell viability in hydrogels with ADA at 10% oxidation at days 1 and 3 with 80 µL of CaCl2; by increasing this compound (CaCl2), the proliferation does not significantly increase until day 7. In the presence of 10% alginate oxidation, the proliferation results are similar to the control, in contrast to the sample with 20% oxidation whose proliferation decreases. Finally, the viability studies showed that the hFB morphology was maintained regardless of the degree of oxidation used; however, the quantity of CaCl2 influences the spread of the hFBs.

Multifunctional Oxidized Succinoglycan/Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylamide) Hydrogels for Drug Delivery

“…OSG showed two rapid mass losses between 200 and 500 °C, and 93% mass loss resulted at 600 °C. This curve of OSG occurred because the molecular weight decreased as the SG was oxidized [ 43 ]. For the P(NIPAM-AM) sample, the primary decomposition stage was observed at 300–400 °C, and the secondary decomposition was 600 °C, with a maximum mass loss of 77%.…”

Granular Disulfide-Crosslinked Hyaluronic Hydrogels: A Systematic Study of Reaction Conditions on Thiol Substitution and Injectability Parameters

“…For freeze-dried samples, hydrogels were frozen in liquid nitrogen prior to lyophilization. For supercritical CO 2 drying, hydrogels were immersed in water/ethanol dilutions starting from water/ethanol mixtures (90/10% v / v ) to progressively reaching a 100% ethanol solution [ 30 ]. After phase-change, samples were dried in a Thar R100W supercritical CO 2 reactor at a temperature of 35 °C and a pressure of 100 bars during 90 min.…”

Matrices Activated with Messenger RNA

“…Consequently, the use of synthetic polymers such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) has also been tested [ 28 , 34 , 66 ]. One of the main benefits of synthetic materials is that they allow good physical–chemical control of their properties [ 67 ]. However, they lack the intrinsic cell-attractive capacity of natural polymers, and thus, they benefit from further modifications in their structure [ 65 ].…”