Preparation and Characterization of Porous Carbon@ZnO‐NPs for Organic Compounds Removal: Classical Adsorption Versus Ultrasound Assisted Adsorption

Abstract

In this paper, the synthesis and characterization of porous carbon (PC) and porous carbon loaded ZnO nanoparticles (PC@ZnO) were investigated. The removal efficiency of Methylene Blue (MB) under ultrasound waves (UAA) and without ultrasound waves (SA) was studied considering the adsorbents dose, contact time, solution pH, temperature and initial dye concentration. Ultrasound irradiation have a positive effect on the removal efficiency of MB whereas ZnO nanoparticles incorporate in the surface of PC improve the regeneration efficiency of PC. PC@ZnO NPs shows high performance of MB removal using UAA, which was used for simultaneous removal of Crystal Violet (CV) and Congo Red (CR). The ultrasonic adsorption of CV/CR on PC@ZnO was found to be dependent on different parameters such as contact time, solution pH and initial dye concentration. The experimental results were found to follow the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models. The adsorbed amount was found to be 64 mg g À 1 (for CR) and 109 mg g À 1 (for CV). Further, the effects of various parameters such as contact time, pH, initial dye concentration, and CV:CR ratio, were studied using central composite design coupled with response surface methodology. The data showed that the PC@ZnO has strong selective adsorption of CV dye in comparison to CR, and optimum conditions were found to be natural pH, 11.19 mg, (55:45%) of CV:CR ratio, 25 min and 30 mg L À 1 at adsorption temperature T = 25°C � 1. In these conditions, both dyes (CV and CR) are easily regenerated using HCl (0.1 M).

Graphene oxide/polydimethylsiloxane composite sponge for removing Pb(ii) from water

“…The Pb(II) concentration in the solid phase and the sorption efficiency increased as the GO load increased likely because the number of active functional groups (e.g., carboxyl and hydroxyl groups) provided by GO on the PDMS sponge surfaces would increase as the GO load increased. Similar results were found in a study performed by Zhang et al and Anfar et al [48][49][50]…”

Microwave assisted green synthesis of Fe2O3/biochar for ultrasonic removal of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory pharmaceuticals

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] However, adsorption has been found to be the most appropriate technology due to its low-cost, exactitude, feasibility, the simplicity, and safety of the treatment process. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Moreover, a number of adsorbents such as functionalized carbon nanotubes (FCN), graphene, polystyrene-divinylbenzene resin, activated carbon, and etc. have been employed to remove the pharmaceutical drugs from water.…”

Barium Hydrogen Phosphate Electrodes for High Electrocatalytic and Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B in Neutral Medium: Optimization by Response Surface Methodology

“…The second-order polynomial model Eq. ( 16) was used to define the mathematical relationship between the independent parameters [4,62].…”

“…The quality of the model fitting was controlled by determination coefficients (R 2 and Adj. R 2 ), while the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to check the accuracy and significance of proposed models (Table S5) [4]. Therefore, proximity of R 2 and Adj.…”

“…Water pollution is considered a serious environmental issue in the world as there is an increase demand for clean and affordable water. Several papers have proved that organic dyes in wastewaters discharged into different environmental components present major concerns especially to human health [1][2][3][4][5]. To counter this problem, researchers are looking for solutions including new technologies or to improve the performance of already existing techniques.…”