“…Although OSA‐modified starch features negative functionalities, cationic starch can also be prepared via etherification by several methods. One common method involves the use of (3‐chloro‐2‐hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC) (Figure 4b) (Bayat Tork, Khalilzadeh, & Kouchakzadeh, 2017; Butrim, Bil'dyukevich, Butrim, & Yurkshtovich, 2016; Huang et al., 2019). Some other strategies that have been commonly applied to cellulose have also been applied to starch, to include carboxymethylation (Cai et al., 2019; Jiang et al., 2019; Li, Wu et al., 2019; Zhang, Pan et al., 2017; Zhang, Chi et al., 2017; Zhang, Tao, Niu, Li, & Chen, 2017), hydroxypropylation (Fang, Fu, Tao, Liu, & Cui, 2020; Fu, Zhang, Ren, & BeMiller, 2019; Hu, Jia, Zhi, Jin, & Miao, 2019; Shaikh, Ali Tahira, Hasnain, & Haider, 2019) (Figure 4c), and oxidation (Li et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2015; Zhang, Ding, Gu, Tan, & Zhu, 2015; Zhao et al., 2015).…”