Preparation and Investigation of Epoxy Syntactic Foam (Epoxy/Graphite Reinforced Hollow Epoxy Macrosphere/Hollow Glass Microsphere Composite)

Wu, Xinfeng; Yu, Jinhong; Cao, Xiao Ming; Zhang, Chongyin; Lv, Yonggen

doi:10.1007/s12221-018-7584-y

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…It is mainly used to provide net buoyancy for various underwater operating systems, ensuring that its counterweight equipment can work stably and safely under water. , At the same time, it also has the advantages of low water absorption, good weather resistance, resistance to hydrostatic pressure, and large safety and reliability. It can be applied to the buoy system, marine mining system, deep sea carrying operation equipment, marine survey and monitoring system, offshore oil system, and so forth. − The syntactic foam buoyancy material forming process can be further subdivided into the casting method, the vacuum impregnation method, the liquid-transfer molding method, the particle deposition method, and the molding method . Among them, the compression molding method is ideal, and it is also the most commonly used molding method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Mechanical Characterization of HGMS–EHS-Reinforced Hollow Glass Bead Composites

et al. 2020

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Hollow glass microsphere-reinforced epoxy hollow spheres (HGMS–EHSs) were prepared by a “rolling ball method” using expanded polystyrene beads, HGMSs, and epoxy resin (EP). The three-phase epoxy syntactic foam (epoxy/HGMS–EHS–HGMS composite) was fabricated by combining HGMS–EHS as a lightweight filler with EP and HGMS by a “molding method”. The HGMS–EHS and epoxy curing agent systems were well mixed by scanning electron microscopy. Experiments show that higher HGMS–EHS stack volume fraction, lower HGMS–EHS layer number, higher HGMS–EHS diameter, lower HGMS–EHS density, higher HGMS volume fraction, and lower HGMS density result in a decrease in the density of the three-phase epoxy syntactic foam. However, the above factors have the opposite effect on the compressive strength of the three-phase epoxy syntactic foam. Therefore, in order to obtain the “high-strength and low-density” three-phase epoxy syntactic foam, the influence of various factors should be considered comprehensively to achieve the best balance of compressive strength and density of the three-phase epoxy syntactic foam. This can provide some advice for the preparation of buoyancy materials for deep sea operations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Mechanical Characterization of HGMS–EHS-Reinforced Hollow Glass Bead Composites

et al. 2020

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“…The mechanical properties of syntactic composites can be tailored by varying different parameters such as matrix, microsphere size, wall thickness and volume fraction, among others 7,17–22 . Significant experimental studies have been conducted on enhancing the mechanical properties of syntactic foams by reinforcement with fibers 23–29 and some nanoparticles 30–32 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical behavior of glass fiber‐reinforced Nylon‐6 syntactic foams and its Young's modulus numerical study

Yáñez‐Macías¹,

Rivera-Salinas²,

Solís-Rosales³

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Glass fiber‐reinforced Nylon‐6 syntactic foams (GRSF) were fabricated by melt mixing, adding silane‐modified hollow glass microspheres (HGMf) at 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt% and an impact modifier at 15 wt. Tensile test results showed that the foam's strength increased with the addition of HGMs but started to decrease when the volume fraction of the spheres was higher than 18 vol% (10 wt%). To elucidate the reinforcement mechanism, a numerical simulation of GRSF was carried out. It revealed that HGMs progressively become the reinforcement phase of GRSFs, as their volume fraction increased due to the load transfer occurring more readily in the HGMs than the fiber, which is expected to be the reinforcement. Hence, for a desired weight‐strength ratio, thicker walls are necessary to delay the elastic relaxation of the microspheres and the impairing of the composite as a whole in the context of strength. HGMs with relative wall thickness τ = 0.04 produce an impairing on Young's modulus, if the volume fraction of microspheres is exceeded than 18 vol% because the microspheres are not able to endure increased loads. In addition, a significant reduction of the density was observed by up to 12% in the GRSFs with 30 wt% of both fibers and HGMs. The insight gained of GRSFs role and the numerical simulation achieved through this work, is a significant step toward developing applications of these lightweight materials, since they show good combination of strength, toughness, density, and thermal insulation performance, which can be useful in the automotive, aeronautical and sports industries.

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“…Deep-sea buoyancy materials have undergone a period of development and improvement, from one-phase foam to two-phase foam materials, and then to multi-phase foam materials with the best performance and the widest application range [ 5 ]. Carbon fiber (CF), graphite, and glass fiber are all used as reinforced materials to enhance hollow spheres in the production of multi-phase ESF materials [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. These reinforced materials have a relatively large density, which is not conducive to providing large buoyancy for deep-sea exploration equipment [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Multi-Phase Epoxy Syntactic Foam (CFR-Epoxy-Hardener/HGMS/Aerogel-R-Hollow Epoxy Macrosphere(AR-HEMS))

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2021

Polymers

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Because the aerogel has ultra-low density and good impact resistance, the aerogel material, epoxy-hardener system, and expandable polystyrene beads (EPS) were used to prepare the lightweight aerogel reinforced hollow epoxy macro-spheres (AR-HEMS). The multi-phase epoxy syntactic foam (ESF) was manufactured with the epoxy-hardener system, HGMS (EP-hardener-HGMS), and AR-HEMS by “the compression modeling method.” In this experiment, in order to enhance the strength of the ESF, some different kinds of the carbon fiber (CF) were added into the EP-hardener-HGMS system (CFR-EP). The influence of the volume stacking fraction, inner diameter, and layer of the AR-HEMS and the content and type of the CF in the EP-HGMS (CFR-EP) system on the compressive strength of the ESF were studied. Weighing the two factors of the density and compressive strength, the ESF reinforced by 1.5 wt% CF with 90% AR-HEMS has the better performance. This kind of the ESF has 0.428 g/cm3 nd 20.76 Mpa, which could be applied in 2076 m deep sea.

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Preparation and Investigation of Epoxy Syntactic Foam (Epoxy/Graphite Reinforced Hollow Epoxy Macrosphere/Hollow Glass Microsphere Composite)

Cited by 22 publications

References 52 publications

Development and Mechanical Characterization of HGMS–EHS-Reinforced Hollow Glass Bead Composites

Development and Mechanical Characterization of HGMS–EHS-Reinforced Hollow Glass Bead Composites

Mechanical behavior of glass fiber‐reinforced Nylon‐6 syntactic foams and its Young's modulus numerical study

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Multi-Phase Epoxy Syntactic Foam (CFR-Epoxy-Hardener/HGMS/Aerogel-R-Hollow Epoxy Macrosphere(AR-HEMS))

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