Preparation and Outline of Space-Based Studies on Gravity Responses and Cell Wall Formation in Plants

Kamada, Motoshi; Omori, Keisuke; Yokoyama, Ryusuke; Nishitani, Kazuhiko; Hoson, Takayuki; Shimazu, Toru; Ishioka, Noriaki

doi:10.2187/bss.23.115

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Unfortunately, we faced great difficulties in initial watering because of serious anomalies of water supply system in EMCS, probably due to incorrect connections among the life support system, water reservoirs, and PCCs (Kamada et al, 2009). Thus, no plants developed until the expected developmental stage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Resist Wall experiment is designed to operate using Plant Cultivation Chamber (PCC) which was developed for Multigen-I experiment by Dr. Tor-Henning Iversen, the Norwegian University of Technology and Science and Norway-User Support Operation Center, as Experimental Unique Equipment. The configuration of PCC is slightly modified so as to have seven holes with mini lids for seed planting (Kamada et al, , 2009. Healthy seeds of two Arabidopsis strains were selected under a stereo-microscope based on the outward appearance.…”

Section: Plant Materials and Preflight Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Growth and Cell Wall Properties in Hypocotyls of Arabidopsis tua6 Mutant under Microgravity Conditions in Space

et al. 2009

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Seedlings of Arabidopsis α-tubulin 6 mutant (tua6 ) were cultivated under microgravity conditions in the European Modular Cultivation System on the International Space Station, and growth and cell wall properties of their hypocotyls were analyzed (the Resist Wall experiment). Seeds of tua6 mutant were shown to germinate and grow normally until the seedling stage under microgravity conditions, as at 1 G on the ground. The seedlings were naturally air-dried in orbit, which were then recovered and transported to earth. When the mechanical properties of the cell wall of rehydrated hypocotyls were examined with a tensile tester, the hypocotyls showed typical stress-strain and stress-relaxation curves, as normally fixed or frozen materials. Also, no promine nt dif fe r e nc e s we r e d e te c te d in the extensibility or the stress-relaxation parameters of the cell wall between spaceg r ow n hy p o c o t yl s a n d g r o u n d c o n t r o l s , suggesting that tua6 hypocotyls formed the regular cell wall architecture under microgravity conditions. The results and lessons learned from the Resist Wall experiment are expected to provide the basis for the following space experiments to clarify the mechanism of gravity resistance in plants.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plant Materials and Preflight Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Cell Wall Properties in Hypocotyls of Arabidopsis tua6 Mutant under Microgravity Conditions in Space

et al. 2009

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the Resist Wall experiment, which was conducted in the European Modular Cultivation System (EMCS) in the Columbus Module on March -May, 2008, we intended to examine this hypothesis by cultivating a tubulin mutant, tua6, as well as the wild-type Columbia under 1 G and microgravity conditions up to reproductive stage and comparing phenotypes on growth and development using video images taken with an automated acquisition system. Unfortunately, we faced great difficulties in initial watering because of serious anomalies of water supply system in EMCS, probably due to incorrect connections between the life support system and water reservoirs 4) . Thus, no plants developed until the expected developmental stage 5) .…”

Section: Quantitative Characteristics Of Gravity Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Objectives, Outlines, and Preparation for the Resist Tubule Space Experiment to Understand the Mechanism of Gravity Resistance in Plants

Hoson

Akamatsu

Soga

et al. 2012

AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gravity resistance is a principal graviresponse in plants. In resistance to hypergravity, the gravity signal may be perceived by the mechanoreceptors located on the plasma membrane, and then transformed and transduced via the structural continuum or physiological continuity of cortical microtubules-plasma membrane-cell wall, leading to an increase in the cell wall rigidity as the final response. The Resist Tubule experiment, which will be conducted in the Kibo Module on the International Space Station, aims to confirm that this hypothesis is applicable to resistance to 1 G gravity. There are two major objectives in the Resist Tubule experiment. One is to quantify the contributions of cortical microtubules to gravity resistance using Arabidopsis tubulin mutants with different degrees of defects. Another objective is to analyze the modifications to dynamics of cortical microtubules and membrane rafts under microgravity conditions on-site by observing green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing Arabidopsis lines with the fluorescence microscope in the Kibo. We have selected suitable mutants, developed necessary hardware, and fixed operation procedure for the experiment.

show abstract

“…To clarify this point, we have conducted the space experiment, denoted as the Resist Wall, with Arabidopsis hmg and tua6 mutants in the European Modular Cultivation System (EMCS) on the International Space Station (ISS). Unfortunately, the experiment was incomplete, because of serious anomalies of water supply system, and only limited information was obtained Kamada et al, 2009). Therefore, we are now preparing for the next space experiments in the Kibo Module.…”

Section: Conclusion and Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the Cell Wall-Sustaining System in Gravity Resistance in Plants

2009

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gravity resistance is one of two principal gravit y re sponse s in plants , comparable to gravitropism. In the final step of gravity resistance, plants increase the rigidity of their cell walls via modifications to the metabolism. Various constituents of the plasma membrane and the cytoskeleton play an important role in sustaining functions of the cell wall in gravity resistance. Mechanoreceptors located on the plasma membrane are involved in the perception of gravity signal. The perceived signal may be, at least partly, transformed and transduced via membrane sterol rafts, d e p e n d i n g o n i t s m a g n i t u d e . C e l l u l o s e synthases and proton pumps are responsible for modifications to the cell wall metabolism and the apoplastic environment, respectively. On the other hand, the reorientation of cortical microtubules contributes to modification of growth anisotropy, which is related to gravity resistance. Also, microtubule -associate d proteins are important in maintenance of the structure and induction of the reorientation of cortical microtubules. Gravity resistance in plants is thus mediated by the structural continuum or physiological continuit y of cortical microtubules-plasma membranecell wall.

show abstract

Preparation and Outline of Space-Based Studies on Gravity Responses and Cell Wall Formation in Plants

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Growth and Cell Wall Properties in Hypocotyls of Arabidopsis tua6 Mutant under Microgravity Conditions in Space

Growth and Cell Wall Properties in Hypocotyls of Arabidopsis tua6 Mutant under Microgravity Conditions in Space

Objectives, Outlines, and Preparation for the Resist Tubule Space Experiment to Understand the Mechanism of Gravity Resistance in Plants

Role of the Cell Wall-Sustaining System in Gravity Resistance in Plants

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About