Battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) with composite
phase-change
materials (CPCMs) have attracted much attention owing to their improved
temperature consistence in battery packs, but they still have obvious
challenges such as easy leakage and low thermal conductivity. Herein,
paraffin (PA)/styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS)/thermoplastic
polyurethane (TPU)/expanded graphite (EG) (PSTE) has been successfully
prepared and utilized in battery modules. PSTE exhibits high antileakage
under 70 °C high-temperature condition, which can maintain the
quality maintenance rate to more than 99.9% compared with other samples.
It is attributed that TPU as the interpenetrating layer can mingle
with SBS uniformly, which will play a synergistic effect to restrict
the leakage of CPCM. Besides, the thermal conductivity values of PSTE
with various mass fractions of EG between the axial and radial directions
after compression are compared. It reveals that the thermal conductivity
of PSTE with 4 wt % EG is much higher than that of pure PA in the
radial direction after compression. Meanwhile, the mechanism of EG
with anisotropy is explained in detail. Further, the temperature consistence
of the battery module with PSTE4 is markedly higher than other two
modules, and the maximum temperature and temperature difference can
be controlled below 44.7 and 3.6 °C, respectively, which indicates
that PSTE4 can promptly dissipate the heat generated with batteries.
Therefore, the designed CPCM with a highly efficient antileakage and
thermally conductive composite material will provide versatile thermal
management systems in practical applications.