Preparation and Performance of Novel Flavonoid Phenols-Based Biomass-Modified Phenol Formaldehyde Resins

Abstract

Low toxicity, environmentally friendly and sustainable bio-based phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins are the primary factors and health goals that researchers need to consider when modifying PF resins. Two novel biomass-modi ed PF resins were synthesized using two avonoid phenols of daidzein and naringenin with rigid backbone structures. The results show that compared with ordinary PF, the introduction of daidzein and naringenin during the synthesis of N-PF and D-PF can delay the curing reaction and results in higher curing peak temperatures. The appropriate substitution rate of daidzein and naringenin can improve the crosslinking degree, resulting in N-PF and D-PF with higher thermal stability, ablation resistance and mechanical properties. The highest carbon yield YC800 for N-PF is 59.81% (56.85%for PF-1), and the highest YC800 for D-PF is 64.39% (PF-2 with 58.15%). The maximum tensile strength and exural strengths of N-PF are respective 33.86 MPa and 110.42 MPa (28.77 and 79.89 MPa for PF-1), and the maximum tensile strength and exural strengths of D-PF are respective 35.61 MPa and 103.17 MPa (24.48 and 55.79 MPa for PF-2). The D-PF and N-PF resins modi ed and enhanced by daidzein and naringenin have lower friction coe cient and more excellent wear resistance than pure PF.

Daidzein-Derived Thermosetting Resins via UV-Induced Thiol–Ene Click Reaction with Ultralow k and Tunable Mechanical Properties for Electronic Packaging

“…31−33 Daidzein, as a type of bio-based feedstock, has been employed in the preparation of biomass epoxy resins. 34,35 The resultant epoxy resins showed outstanding thermal, mechanical, and flame retardant properties. However, to the best of our knowledge, daidzein-based UV-cured resins have rarely been reported.…”

“…However, currently reported UV-cured resins, while promising, still need considerable improvements in mechanical and dielectric properties, as their excessive brittleness hinders their suitability for demanding applications in flexible electronic devices. In consequence, designing a biomass UV-cured resin with tunable mechanical properties and excellent dielectric performance is currently regarded as a research focus. − Daidzein, as a type of bio-based feedstock, has been employed in the preparation of biomass epoxy resins. , The resultant epoxy resins showed outstanding thermal, mechanical, and flame retardant properties. However, to the best of our knowledge, daidzein-based UV-cured resins have rarely been reported.…”

Formaldehyde-Free and Phenol-Free Non-toxic Phenolic Resins with High Thermostability

“…As a consequence, this substitution route is not relevant for high-temperature applications. Guaiacol, a biobased compound, is also a promising compound to replace phenol for high-temperature applications. , Recently, some authors proposed to substitute a part of phenol with biosourced products, i.e., daidzein and naringenin. Even if the thermomechanical properties of these resins are interesting they still require the use of formaldehyde and phenol.…”