Preparation and polymerization of chalcone substituted aniline and investigation of impedance properties

Effect of structural factors on the physicochemical properties of functionalized polyanilines

“…The classical oxidative polymerization of aniline derivatives involves the monomer conversion in an aqueous solution of an acid as the doping agent, in the presence of oxidizing agents (potassium persulfate 30 or ammonium persulfate, 32,33 potassium dichromate, 31 or iron(III) chloride 34 ). As a rule, the polymerization process is performed in an acid environment at pH 0-2.…”

“…As a rule, the polymerization process is performed in an acid environment at pH 0-2. If salt formation with the monomer is hindered in aqueous acid solutions, organic solvents are used, such as DMF, DMSO, methanol, 35 THF, 36 chloroform, 37 various ethers, 38,39 etc. Despite the apparent simplicity of aniline oxidative polymerization, it is a complex multi-stage reaction.…”

“…The nature of the substituent may help improve the solubility in organic or inorganic media. 38,40,47,48,74 It was noticed that incorporation of substituents that activate the ortho and para positions (-CH 3 , -OCH 3 ) into PANI aromatic ring improved its solubility in polar solvents: DFMA, DMSO, N-methylpyrrolidone, methanol, ethanol, acetone, and partially in chloroform. 47,48,79,83 A signicant improvement in solubility is observed for disubstituted PANI derivatives, e.g.…”

“…123 As shown by thermogravimetric analysis, incorporation of a hydrophilic group in the macromolecular chain decreases the thermal stability of functionalized PANI in comparison with the unsubstituted polymer. 38,84 A loss of HCl occurs in the range of 60-100 C, the breakdown of the side bond occurs at 180-280 C, and the next stage at 320-400 C involves the polymer destruction. 82 The mass loss in the thermogravimetric analysis of polyortho-phenylenediamine and poly-meta-aminophenol occurred similarly to PANI.…”