Preparation and Properties of Cellulose Phosphates

Reid, J. David; Mazzeno, Laurence W.

doi:10.1021/ie50480a039

Cited by 76 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…After impregnation with the phosphorylating reagents, the fabric is dried (and-or pressed) and the chemical reaction is allowed by heating in a curing step. In 1949, Reid et al 54,88 synthesized phosphorylated cellulose derivatives according to a previously described method by Coppick et al 89 : cellulose was soaked in an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid and urea, was then pressed, and successively cured at 100 and 150°C. The Pad-Dry-Cure process was also used with inorganic phosphate salts, for example for the phosphorylation of cellulose with NaH 2 PO 4 -urea.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorylation of bio-based compounds: the state of the art

et al. 2015

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International audienceOver the last few years, more and more papers have been devoted to phosphorus-containing polymers, mainly due to their fire resistance, excellent chelating and metal-adhesion properties. Nevertheless, sustainability, reduction of environmental impacts and green chemistry are increasingly guiding the development of the next generation of materials. The use of bio-based polymer matrices might allow the reduction of environmental impacts by using renewable carbon and by achieving more easily biodegradable or reusable materials. The aim of this review is to present both fundamental and applied research on the phosphorylation of renewable resources, through reactions on naturally occurring functions, and their use in biobased polymer chemistry and applications. In the first section, different strategies for the introduction of phosphorus-containing functions on organic backbones are described. In the following sections, the main families of chemicals based on renewable resources are covered: namely polysaccharides (cellulose, chitosan, starch, dextran etc.), biophenols (lignins, biobased phenolic compounds, cardanol etc.), triglycerides (oils, glycerol) and hydroxy acid compounds

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorylation of bio-based compounds: the state of the art

et al. 2015

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“…This effect was found to be variable and though it did not occur all of the time, when it did occur the desired activity could be restored with ammonium chloride. It previously has been shown that calcium deactivates the flame retardancy of phosphorylated cotton [18], and can FIGURE 6. Two independent reactions of ethylene oxide with phosphorylated cellulose, which may account for loss in protease sequestrant activity by masking the anionic phosphoryl hydroxyls.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Continuous Finishing Chemistry Process for Manufacture of a Phosphorylated Cotton Chronic Wound Dressing

Edwards

Howley

Yachmenev

et al. 2009

Journal of Industrial Textiles

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A phosphorylated form of cotton gauze for treatment of chronic wounds was designed to improve the wound dressing's capacity to remove harmful proteases from the wound and facilitate healing. Development of the fabric finishing chemistry of the wound dressing with a process suitable for textile mill production required adapting the stationary finishing chemistry of the cotton phosphorylation from a batch-type pad-dry-cure finishing treatment to a continuous pilot scale finishing process. Issues in optimizing the cotton finishing process took into consideration dressing sterilization, the effect of city water versus de-ionized water, retention of the fabric whiteness index and protease sequestration capacity of the dressing, which is the index of the dressing's efficacy. Three types of sterilization approaches were assessed, including gamma ray, ethylene oxide and steam sterilization to determine the effect of sterilization on the phosphorylated cotton dressing and the subsequent efficacy of the sterilized dressing to remove proteases from the wound. Two phosphorylation reagents were compared for their ability to phosphorylate cotton in a urea-based formulation and yield an active, effective dressing, with a high whiteness index. Phosphorylation with a diammonium phosphate (DAP) : urea formulation generally gave a more effective dressing as an active protease sequestrant, and phosphorylation with sodium hexametaphosphate (SMP) : urea gave a higher whiteness index. Finishing formulations combining the Downloaded from two phosphorylating reagents, DAP and SMP : urea, were assessed to improve both whiteness and efficacy. However, sterilization of DAP treated cotton with ethylene oxide eradicated activity through apparent masking of the cellulose phosphate hydroxyls. Side reactions that may occur during ethylene oxide treatment were discussed as the possible origin of the phosphate hydroxyl masking. On the other hand, sterilization with gamma irradiation produced significant yellowing of the dressing. A SMP : urea (16 : 30) formulation was employed in the continuous process finishing treatment, and found to be most optimal for whiteness, efficacy and ease of sterilization, when adapted to industrial scale production of the cotton chronic wound dressing.

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“…Phosphorylation of cellulose with phosphoric or phosphorous acid in the presence of urea, 15 at temperatures in the range 140 -150°C, leads to products with DS values in the range 0.5-0.9. Reid and Mazzeno 16 suppose that mainly a phosphorylation of primary hydroxyl groups takes place. Taking into account the insolubility of phosphorylated products in water and in organic solvents, we suppose that such products are crosslinked as a result of the interaction between the OH groups from different chains and phosphoric acid.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactions of some phosphorus compounds with cellulose dissolved in aqueous alkaline solution

Petreuş¹,

Bubulac²,

Petreuş

et al. 2003

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Dissolution of cellulose in aqueous hydroxide offers a procedure for regeneration of cotton or wood celluloses. The aqueous NaOH system for dissolving cellulose seems to have considerable potential for fiber production and also as a medium for preparing cellulose derivatives. Reactions with phosphoric and phosphorous acids, phenyl-and phenoxy phosphonic dichlorides, and an amido phosphite oligomer on aqueous dissolved cellulose are described. The resulting products are characterized by analytical and spectral methods (infrared and X-ray diffraction) to determine phosphorus and nitrogen content, substitution degree, and polymerization degree. Particular attention was given to the effects produced by chemical modification on the crystalline pattern of microcrystalline cellulose. Some remarks are also made about the thermooxidative behavior of phosphorylated cellulose.

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Preparation and Properties of Cellulose Phosphates

Cited by 76 publications

References 4 publications

Phosphorylation of bio-based compounds: the state of the art

Phosphorylation of bio-based compounds: the state of the art

Development of a Continuous Finishing Chemistry Process for Manufacture of a Phosphorylated Cotton Chronic Wound Dressing

Reactions of some phosphorus compounds with cellulose dissolved in aqueous alkaline solution

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