Preparation and properties of nanocomposites based on acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber, styrene–butadiene rubber, and polybutadiene rubber

Abstract

Nanocomposites were prepared with different grades of nitrile rubber with acrylonitrile contents of 19, 34, and 50%, with styrene–butadiene rubber (23% styrene content), and with polybutadiene rubber with Na‐montmorillonite clay. The clay was modified with stearyl amine and was characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The XRD studies showed an increase in the gallery gap upon the modification of the filler by stearyl amine. The intercalation of the amine chains into the clay gallery gap was confirmed by the presence of some extra peaks (2928, 2846, and 1553 cm−1) in the FTIR spectra. The clay–rubber nanocomposites were characterized by TEM and XRD. The mechanical properties were studied for all the compositions. An improvement in the mechanical properties with the degree of filler loading up to a certain level was observed. The changes in the mechanical properties, with changes in the nature and polarity of the rubbers, were explained with the help of XRD and TEM results. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 1573–1585, 2004

Autohesion Behavior of Brominated-Isobutylene-Isoprene Gum Nanocomposites with Layered Clay

“…14 Researchers have extensively studied the effect of different platelet-like montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclays and needle-like sepiolite nanoclays on the physico-mechanical properties of various elastomers. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Most of the early efforts have been focused mainly to understand the influence of these nanoclays on the mechanical, thermal, and physical properties of various elastomers. [14][15][16] Particularly, the role of nanoclays on modulus, permeability, tear strength and wear behavior of elastomers has also been an important area in the study of autohesion.…”

Rubber‐Clay Nanocomposites

“…The melt blending of a pristine Mt with a rubber leads to composites with undispersed agglomerates, as demonstrated for NR [46][47][48][49], IR [50], BR [51][52][53], E-SBR [48,54], E-SBR/NBR blend [55], EPDM [56] as the rubbers. Analogous results were presented with fluorhectorite and attapulgite as the clays.…”

“…Microcomposites were prepared when a bentonite or a Mt were mixed with the help of an organic solvent with many different types of rubbers: NR [58], BR [55], SBR [55,[59][60][61], (H)NBR [55,62], BIMS [63]. Big lumps of clay aggregates and agglomerates were formed.…”

Nitrile rubber - based nanocomposites prepared by melt mixing: effect of the mixing parameters on mechanical, dynamic-mechanical and creep behavior

“…However, fully exfoliated rubber/ clay nanocomposites are very difficult to obtain, especially with the melt mixing procedure, because of the high viscosity of the rubber in the molten state [13,28] . In spite of it, several clay-based nanocomposites displayed a great improvement of mechanical performance even with non-exfoliated structures [17] . The dispersion of clay inside a rubber matrix by melt mixing depends upon several factors such as the type of intercalant [11,29] , the nature of the rubber matrix [5,19,30] , the compounding conditions [3] and the curing process [3,18,29,31,32] .…”

“…Indeed, the presence of clay resulted in a decrease of shear viscosity in some cases [5] . In this regard, several rubber/ clay nanocomposites using for example, carboxylated nitrile-butadiene rubber [6,7] , nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) [5,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] , natural rubber (NR) [4,[20][21][22][23] , styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) [5,19,24,25] , and ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM) [26,27] , among others, have been prepared via solution intercalation, melt intercalation and rubber latex compounding. Among these procedures, melt compounding is a very interesting process under the technological point of view because it does not require solvent to swell the clay, which constitutes an inherent advantage of industrial applicability and eco-friendliness.…”