Preparation and Recent Developments of Ti/SnO2-Sb Electrodes

Abstract

Ti/SnO2-Sb electrode, which is one of the dimensionally stable anode (DSA) electrodes, offers high specific conductivity, excellent electrocatalytic performance, and great chemical stability. For these reasons, Ti/SnO2-Sb electrode has been extensively studied in the fields of wastewater treatment. This review covers essential research work about the advanced oxidation technology and related DSA electrodes. It gives an overview of preparation methods of SnO2 electrodes, including sol-gel method, dip-coating method, electrodeposition method, chemical vapor deposition method, thermal decomposition method, magnetron sputtering method, and hydrothermal method. To extend service life and improve electrocatalytic efficiency, the review provides comprehensive details about the modification technologies of Ti/SnO2-Sb electrode, such as doping modification, composite modification, and structural modification. In addition, the review discusses common problems in industrial applications of Ti/SnO2-Sb electrode and highlights the promising outlook of Ti/SnO2-Sb electrode.

Review on Structural Adjustment Strategies of Titanium‐Based Metal Oxide Dimensionally Stable Anodes in Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Technology

“…However, its bandgap (3.6 eV) leads to an excessively high resistivity. [74] To solve this problem, many dopants have been studied by introducing metallic elements (of which Sb is the most commonly used dopant [75,76] ) and doping with nonmetallic elements. The atomic radii of SnO 2 and dopants are different, resulting in different binding structures and lattice defects.…”

Electrochemical Oxidation Processes for the Treatment of Organic Pollutants in Water: Performance Evaluation Using Different Figures of Merit

“…Nonactive anodes demonstrate high O 2 evolution overpotentials and favor the reaction of organic pollutants with • OH in the vicinity of the A surface (reaction ). SnO 2 , PbO 2 , Ti 4 O 7 , and boron-doped diamond (BDD) are representative nonactive anodes. SnO 2 and PbO 2 are well-known materials for nonactive anodes and have been widely employed for the electrochemical oxidation of organic pollutants via the generation of • OH. − Modification of SnO 2 using metal and nonmetal dopants (Bi, Sb, and F) can improve the electrical conductivity, available potential window, and durability of the SnO 2 -based electrode. ,− Nevertheless, these metal oxide-based anodes have low durabilities, which restrict their practical application in EOPs …”

“…43,46−48 Nevertheless, these metal oxide-based anodes have low durabilities, which restrict their practical application in EOPs. 48 The BDD electrode is an outstanding nonactive anode for the oxidation of organic pollutants. 7,54 The diamond structure based on C-sp 3 hybridization offers unique features including a high chemical resistance, high thermal conductivity, and low friction coefficient.…”

Electrochemical Properties of Ti/SnO2-Sb-Ir Electrodes Doped with a Low Iridium Content for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction in an Acidic Environment

“…In recent years, Ti/SnO 2 -Sb electrodes have attracted great attention due to their potential electrocatalytic performances, − but their short service life and poor catalytic activity in an acidic solution limit their application as the anode for the OER . Many researchers have proved that doping with different elements is much efficient to change the catalytic activity and stability of the electrode. ,− Zhu et al proved that the increase in Mn-doping concentration could promote lattice shrinkage and optimize the properties of the electrode . Chen et al introduced CeO 2 in the SnO 2 -Sb coating by using ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) technology, finding that Ce modification could significantly change the crystal structure of the coating and decrease the oxygen evolution overpotential .…”