Preparation and Surface Activity of Complexane-type Surfactants Having Two and Three Alkyl Chains

Physicochemical properties of anionic triple-chain surfactants in alkaline solutions

“…Anionic triple-chain surfactants of disodium 2,10-didecyl-6-dodecyl-3,6,9-triazaundecanedioate (3C 12 dtda) and trisodium tris(N -2-ethylamino-N -2-dodecylcarboxylato)-azane (3C 12 tata) were synthesized by the reaction of 3-aza-1,5-pentanediamine with 2-bromododecanoic acid and 1-bromododecane [12] and tris(2-aminoethyl)amine and 2-bromododecanoic acid [13], respectively. 3C 12 dtda; IR (Shimadzu IR-408): 3380 (ν N-H ), 2870 (ν C-H ), 1580 (ν C=O ), 1450 (δ C-H ) and 1370 cm −1 (δ C-O ).…”

“…Recently, we have reported the synthesis of ringtype triple-chain surfactants from cyanuric chloride [10] and amide-type triple-chain surfactants from tris(2-aminoethyl)amine [11], revealing unique and unusual properties Scheme 1. such as very low cmc and formation of large aggregates. We have synthesized two anionic triple-chain surfactants [12,13], disodium 2,10-dialkyl-6-alkyl-3,6,9-triazaundecanedioate (referred to as 3C n dtda, where n is hydrocarbon chain length) and trisodium tris(N -2-ethylamino-N -2-alkylcarboxylato)-azane (3C n tata). Their surface properties were characterized by investigating interfacial tension and emulsification power at water/toluene interface.…”

Mixed micellar properties of cationic trimeric-type quaternary ammonium salts and anionic sodium n-octyl sulfate surfactants

“…Dimeric surfactants of alkanediyl-α,ω-bis(alkyldimethylammonium) dibromide have been by far the most investigated surfactants [14][15][16]. Recently, trimeric surfactants having three alkyl chains and three hydrophilic groups have been reported [17][18][19][20][21][22]. In this work, we have synthesized trimeric surfactants such as methylalkylbis [2-(dimethylalkylammonio)ethyl]ammonium tribromide (m-2-m-2-m, m represents the carbon atom number in alkyl chain lengths of 8, 10, and 12) and studied the effects of alkyl chain length and number of chains on their surface properties [18,19].…”

Synthesis and surface‐active properties of trimeric‐type anionic surfactants derived from tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine

“…E-mail: yoshimura@ch.kagu.tus.ac.jp Abbreviations: 3C n taAm, trimeric-type anionic surfactants, where n = 8, 10, or 12; Γ, maximum surface excess concentration; γ CMC , surface tension at the CMC; A, area occupied per molecule; CMC, critical micelle concentration; CMC/C 20 ratio, the ease of adsorption relative to the ease of micellization; D, mass diffusion coefficient; DLS, dynamic lightscattering; ∆G M°, Gibbs energy of micellization; I 1 /I 3 , ratio of the first to the third vibronic band; IR, infrared; MS, mass spectrometry; NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance; pC 20 , efficiency of surface adsorption; R H , hydrodynamic radius; SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate; SLS, static lightscattering; THF, tetrahydrofuran; TMS, trimethylsilane. tension, and emulsion stability (18,19). In this work, we synthesized trimeric-type anionic surfactants with three hydrocarbon chains and three carboxylate groups derived from tris(2-aminoethyl)amine, and we characterized their physicochemical properties by measuring surface tension, electrical conductivity, dynamic and static light-scattering, fluorescence of pyrene, emulsification power, and interfacial tension.…”