Preparation and thermal properties of a novel flame-retardant coating

Synergistic effects of hydroxy silicone oil on intumescent flame retardant polypropylene system

“…During the heating of APP, ammonia is released as the main gaseous product and makes the mixture of the carbonaceous residue and phosphorus-carbonaceous material swell; this leads to the formation of an intumescent char. When HSO is added to PP/IFR composites, in addition to the aforementioned chemical reaction, APP reacts with HSO to form a silicon-phosphate structure and a ceramic-like structure in the 310-560 1C temperature range [36]. The above result is confirmed using the XPS experiment in the following.…”

UV-curable behavior of phosphorus- and nitrogen-based reactive diluent for epoxy acrylate oligomer used for flame-retardant wood coating

“…Compared with other flame retardants, phosphorus-containing flame retardants are highly effective even at low concentration, environmentally friendly, generate less toxic gases, smoke during combustion and also provide a variety of possibilities to modify the structure to optimize the flame retardant performance. [15][16][17][18] Most often, organophosphorus, based compounds exhibit a condensed phase flame-retardant mechanism which is responsible for the conversion of organic matter into char residue during the combustion process. The resultant carbonaceous char residue performs the function of a protective barrier and thus facilitates a reduction in the amount of flammable volatile gases reaching the flame zone and reduces the heat transfer from flame to polymer as well as decreasing the temperature and inhibiting release of combustible gases.…”

Polystyrene-based composites and nanocomposites with reduced brominated-flame retardant

“…However, high flammability and production of toxic gases during the combustion may limit its application in some cases. In most applications, it is inevitable to prevent or control the ignition process due to the potential sources of electrical energy, spark or flame in the presence of oxygen [1,2]. The use of flame retardants (FRs) as additives in production of polymer composites can enhance the fire resistance properties.…”