Preparation, Characterization and Anti-Ulcer Efficacy of Sanguinarine Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles

Abstract

Aim: This study was designed to develop sanguinarine-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SG-SLNs) and investigate its gastroprotective effect on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions in mice. Methods: SG-SLNs were prepared by high temperature melt-cool solidification method using glycerol monostearate as the lipid and a combination of lecithin with poloxamer 188 as the surfactants. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) were designed at varying lipid concentrations (5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/mL), surfactant mixture concentrations (6, 12, and 18 mg/mL), and drug contents (5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/mL) in “one factor at a time” fashion. Ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model was performed on Kunming mice to examine the anti-inflammatory activity of SG-SLNs and compare it with sanguinarine (SG). Results: The high temperature melt-cool solidification method provided consistent production of SLNs with smaller size and high entrapment efficiency (EE%). The composition of optimal formulation was 10 mg/mL lipid concentration, 18 mg/mL surfactant mixture concentration, and 15 mg/mL drug amount. The mean particle size and EE% of optimized formulation were 238 ± 10.9 nm and 79 ± 2.8%, respectively. Additionally, SG-SLNs significantly decreased tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 levels in the serum and gastric tissue, and reduced the content of NO in serum, and strengthened the protection of mucosal membrane. Moreover, SG-SLNs treatment markedly inhibited ethanol-induced nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation when compared with SG. Conclusions: SLNs could be potentially applied as a delivery system of SG. The protective effect of SG-SLNs is due to the suppression of NF-κB expression and subsequent pro-inflammatory cytokines release.

Sanguinarine-Chelerythrine Fraction of Coptis chinensis Exerts Anti-inflammatory Activity in Carrageenan Paw Oedema Test in Rats and Reveals Reduced Gastrotoxicity

“…Our results are in line with the observations reported by Khayyal et al [ 57 ] that described ulceroprotective effect of Iberogast containing among other alkaloids derived from C. majus . The gastroprotective effect of chelerythrine and sanguinarine in an animal model of ethanol-induced gastric ulcer was also reported by other authors (W. [ 38 , 58 ]). Moreover, these alkaloids not only do not exhibit ulcerogenic effects but can also play even a prophylactic role.…”