Preparation, Characterization and Electrochemical Application of Graphene‐metallic Nanocomposites

Abstract

Three different Graphene‐Metallic (Graphene‐Me) nanocomposites – Graphene‐Silver (Graphene‐Ag), Graphene‐Gold (Graphene‐Au) and Graphene‐Platinum (Graphene‐Pt) nanocomposites – were prepared and characterized. The electrochemical performances of these nanocomposites were tested by incorporating them with glassy carbon paste electrode (GCPE) and used them in biofuel cells (BFC) and as amperometric xanthine biosensor transducers. Present work contains the first application of Graphene‐Au and Graphene‐Ag nanocomposite in BFCs and also first application of these Graphene‐Me nanocomposites in xanthine biosensors. Considering BFC, power and current densities were calculated as 2.03 µW cm−2 and 167.46 µA cm−2 for the plain BFC, 3.39 µW cm−2 and 182.53 µA cm−2 for Graphene‐Ag, 4.43 µW cm−2 and 230.15 µA cm−2 for Grapehene‐Au and 6.23 µW cm−2 and 295.23 µA cm−2 for Graphene‐Pt nanocomposite included BFCs respectively. For the amperometric xanthine biosensor linear ranges were obtained in the concentration range between 5 µM and 50 µM with the RSD (n=3 for 30 µM xanthine) value of 4.28 % for plain xanthine biosensor, 3 µM and 50 µM with the RSD (n=3 for 30 µM xanthine) value of 9.37 % for Graphene‐Ag, 5 µM to 20 µM with the RSD (n=3 for 5 µM xanthine) value of 9.00 % and 30 µM to 70 µM with the RSD (n=3 for 30 µM xanthine) value of 8.80 % for Grapehene‐Au and 1 µM and 70 with the the RSD (n=3 for 30 µM xanthine) value of 2.59 % for Grapehene‐Pt based xanthine biosensors respectively.

Towards the electrochemical diagnostic of influenza virus: development of a graphene–Au hybrid nanocomposite modified influenza virus biosensor based on neuraminidase activity

“…In order to synthesize graphene-Au nanocomposite, graphene oxide (GO) was used as the starting material. Therefore, first GO was synthesized by using modified Hummers-Offeman method from graphite 38,49 . For this purpose, 1g of graphite powder was added into 23 mL 98% H 2 SO 4 solution and stirred at room temperature for 24 h. Then, 100 mg of NaNO 3 was added into the mixture and stirred for another 30 min.…”

“…Apart from graphene, recently graphene-metallic nanocomposites were produced and used in these systems. These nanocomposites provide more sensitive and selective results when combined with the biosensor systems [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] Considering the influenza biosensors, it can be stated that, up to now almost only H based systems have been developed [7][8][9][10][44][45][46][47][48] . Lately our group managed to develop a N based electrochemical influenza biosensor 14 .…”

Bioelectrochemical Systems for Measuring Microbial Cellular Functions

“…Nanocarbon materials, such as graphene (e. g. pure graphene, graphene oxide or reduced graphene oxide) and carbon nanotubes (e. g. single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) or multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)) have excellent electrical, mechanical and thermal properties . Thus, they have been widely used as electrode materials in the DET or MET .…”

Graphene Doped Mn2O3 Nanofibers as a Facile Electroanalytical DNA Point Mutation Detection Platform for Early Diagnosis of Breast/Ovarian Cancer

“…Graphene is a highly conductive two dimensional nanomaterial devoid of any structural defects. Graphene doped nanomaterials have also been synthesized in the past for several applications, including their extensive use in biosensing . Herein, the graphene doping is expected to improve the overall rate kinetics, by accounting for ameliorated electron transfer at the working electrode's surface.…”