Preparation, characterization and utilization of (Ni:Cu) bimetallic system loaded on zeolites

Ultrasound‐Assisted Synthesis of Cu and Cu/Ni Nanoparticles on NaP Zeolite Support as Antibacterial Agents

“…The results obtained by conventional treatment were comparable with the results obtained by Maksod et al 20. In their work, XRD patterns showed no intensive signals of Cu or Ni, because both LTA and FAU zeolites contain overlapped diffraction lines at the same patterns of those of single metal and bimetal alloy.…”

“…The antibacterial activity of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) has been attributed to several modes of actions such as protein inactivation, blockage of DNA replication pathways, and weakening of bacteria cell membranes which later leads to cell membrane disintegration 1, 3, 8–12. Bimetallic NPs exhibit superior chemical activity and selectivity compared to monometallic particles, i.e., synergistic effects 1, 13–20 and are applied in catalysis of chemical reactions 15–19, treatment of tumor cells 21, and serve as antibacterial agents in free or supported form 1, 8, 22. Synthesis of NPs on solid supports is a suitable way to control and reduce the particle size 23, enhance their reactivity 24, and widen their scope of application 25.…”

“…Maksod et al coated LTA (Linde‐Type A) and FAU (faujasite) zeolites prepared via hydrothermal conversion of Egyptian kaolin with bimetallic Cu/Ni NPs using chemical reduction by hydrazine in an aqueous alkaline medium at 80–100 °C 20. Boudjahem et al synthesized monometallic and bimetallic Cu/Ni NPs on a silica support by reduction with hydrazine in aqueous phase at 70 °C for 2 h or reduction with hydrogen gas stream.…”

On the biodegradability of nitrophenols and their reaction products by catalytic hydrogenation*

“…The carbon balance matched at 92% at least, the existence of nitroso compound or azoxy and azo compounds in the reaction medium at the end of the reaction being practically negligible. According to the literature, hydrogenation of nitrophenols with Pd, Pt, Ru, Au or Ni catalysts leads exclusively to the formation of the corresponding amino‐products 11, 12, 14, 52–54. In the case of 2,4‐DNP, the reduction of both nitro groups is very difficult and has been observed only after longer reaction times, and even in that case 2AP‐4NP was the main product 53…”

“…Finally, the hydroxylamine is reduced to the aminophenol. These reactions have been carried out effectively using supported catalysts based on Ni, Pd or Rh as active phases over a wide range of temperatures (20–110 °C) and pressures (1–16 atm) 10–16. However, although recently Xue et al 17 have developed two novel Fe/C and Co/C catalysts showing excellent properties for both reduction and oxidation of 4‐nitrophenol, there is a lack of information on the potential application of hydrogenation for the treatment of nitrophenols‐bearing wastewaters.…”