Preparation of a polydopamine/β‐cyclodextrin coated open tubular capillary electrochromatography column and application for enantioseparation of five proton pump inhibitors

Abstract

An open tubular capillary electrochromatography column was prepared by immobilizing β‐cyclodextrin on the inner wall of pretreated capillary via noncovalent adsorption of polydopamine. The resulting coating layer on the capillary was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Electroosmotic flow was studied to evaluate the variation of the immobilized columns. The prepared columns showed good chiral separation performance toward five proton pump inhibitors including lansoprazole, pantoprazole, tenatoprazole, rabeprazole, and omeprazole. The influences of β‐cyclodextrin concentration, coating time, buffer pH, buffer concentration, and applied voltage on separation were investigated. In the optimum conditions, the enantiomers of five analytes were fully resolved within 15 min with high resolutions of 4.57 to 8.13. The method was extensively validated in terms of accuracy, precision, and linearity and proved to be robust. The relative standard deviation values for migration times and peak areas of the analytes representing intraday and interday were less than 1.9 and 3.6%, respectively. Further, the polydopamine/β‐cyclodextrin coated capillary column could be successively used over 100 runs without showing significant decrease in the separation efficiency.

Recent Advances in Separation and Analysis of Chiral Compounds

“…The most popular CSPs in CEC are still CD derivatives. Various functional CD derivatives including HP-γ-CD, β-CD, ethanediamine-β-CD, CE-β-CD, and SBE-β-CD were applied to enantio-separation of chiral drug, dansyl-amino acids, etc. − In addition, porous organic materials, enzymes, and antibiotic-based CSPs are also promising. − …”

Recent applications and chiral separation development based on stationary phases in open tubular capillary electrochromatography (2019–2022)

“…Overall, we provide readers interested in OT-CEC with the most up-to-date overview of this field, and the related new SPs from 2019 to 2022 are listed in Table 1 [ 3 , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] , [35] , [36] , [37] , [38] , [39] , [40] , [41] , [42] , [43] , [44] , [45] , [46] , [47] , [48] , [49] , [50] , [51] , [52] , [53] , [54] , [55] , [56] , [57] , [58] , [59] , [60] , [61] , [62] , [63] , [64] , [65] ]. PubMed and Web of Science were used to search the following characters (also their acronyms) alone or in combination: “Open tubular”, “Capillary electrochromatography”, “Chiral separation”, “Stationary phase”, and “Coating” for relevant literature to analyze recent OT-CEC developments.…”

β‐Cyclodextrin covalent organic framework supported by polydopamine as stationary phases for electrochromatographic enantioseparation

“…Hence, it is necessary to establish an enantioseparation method for PPIs to quantitate the enantiomers. Although β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and its derivatives have been used as chiral-stationary phases for the enantioseparation of PPIs by CEC in our previous studies [27,28], but it is still highly demanded to explore a new CEC method for the chiral separation of PPIs. Dopamine is a major component of the mussel foot proteins and can self-polymerize to form polydopamine (PDA) films on a wide range of materials [29].…”