Preparation of activated carbon cloths from viscous rayon. Part II: physical activation processes

Rodríguez‐Reinoso, F.; Pastor, A.C.; Marsh, H.; Martinez, María Alejandra

doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(99)00118-9

Cited by 65 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…3 min were allowed before every measurement of conductivity to avoid any transient effect of sample relaxation due to compression. The electrical conductivity was calculated using the following formula [13]:…”

Section: Electrical Conductivity Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and electrochemical investigation of waste newspaper based electrodes for supercapacitor applications

Adinaveen

Vijaya

Sivakumar

et al. 2016

Materials Science-Poland

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There is a general consensus to develop renewable energy storage and conversion technologies to replace fossil fuel energy for sustainable development. Currently, the development of high performance energy storage and conversion devices is an important step on the road to alternative energy technologies. With a special focus on the upgradation of waste to valuable energy, this paper presents an effective synthetic method that utilizes waste newspapers as the precursor to prepare the activated carbon electrodes by the pyrolysis and chemical activation processes. The amorphous nature and surface morphology of the carbon samples were confirmed by XRD and SEM analysis, respectively. Activated waste newspaper carbon (AWNP) showed good electrochemical properties at 800°C and its specific capacitance at a scan rate of 2 mV/s was found to be 380 F/g. It is important to mention that the source of the raw material is cost effective and suitable for green technology.

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Section: Electrical Conductivity Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and electrochemical investigation of waste newspaper based electrodes for supercapacitor applications

Adinaveen

Vijaya

Sivakumar

et al. 2016

Materials Science-Poland

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“…Because the reactivity of carbon increased with water evaporation at all carbonization temperatures (Gergova et al, 1993;Rodriguez-Reinoso et al, 2000;Stavropoulos and Zabaniotou, 2005), the adsorption of iodine rose. Also, high values of burnoff demonstrated in this study are caused by the calculation based on raw materials, not on carbonized materials.…”

Section: Effect Of Activation Time and Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical activation in manufacturing activated carbon usually entails a single step, for which zinc chloride, phosphoric acid, or potassium hydroxide can be used as the activating reagent (Rodriguez-Reinoso et al, 2000). However, the chemical activation can introduce impurities such as Zn and P, depending on the chemical agent used, and can result in high operating cost due to the addition of chemicals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of granular activated carbon from food-processing wastes (walnut shells and jujube seeds) and its adsorptive properties

Bae

Kim

Chung

2014

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Commercial activated carbon is a highly effective absorbent that can be used to remove micropollutants from water. As a result, the demand for activated carbon is increasing. In this study, we investigated the optimum manufacturing conditions for producing activated carbon from ligneous wastes generated from food processing. Jujube seeds and walnut shells were selected as raw materials. Carbonization and steam activation were performed in a fixed-bed laboratory electric furnace. To obtain the highest iodine number, the optimum conditions for producing activated carbon from jujube seeds and walnut shells were 2 hr and 1.5 hr (carbonization at 700 C) followed by 1 hr and 0.5 hr (activation at 1000 C), respectively. The surface area and iodine number of activated carbon made from jujube seeds and walnut shells were 1,477 and 1,184 m 2 /g and 1,450 and 1,200 mg/g, respectively. A pore-distribution analysis revealed that most pores had a pore diameter within or around 30-40 Å, and adsorption capacity for surfactants was about 2 times larger than the commercial activated carbon, indicating that waste-based activated carbon can be used as alternative.Implications: Wastes discharged from agricultural and food industries results in a serious environmental problem. A method is proposed to convert food-processing wastes such as jujube seeds and walnut shells into high-grade granular activated carbon. Especially, the performance of jujube seeds as activated carbon is worthy of close attention. There is little research about the application of jujube seeds. Also, when compared to two commercial carbons (Samchully and Calgon samples), the results show that it is possible to produce high-quality carbon, particularly from jujube seed, using a one-stage, 1,000 C, steam pyrolysis. The preparation of activated carbon from food-processing wastes could increase economic return and reduce pollution.

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“…The Physical and chemical activation is a well established method for the preparation of activated carbons fiber. [14][15][16] In the physical activation, the precursor material is activated in presence of oxidizing atmosphere while in chemical activation the precursor is first impregnated with flame retardant reagent (i.e. Lewis acids) and then subjected to heat treatment under inert atmosphere.…”

Section: 6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface and Adsorption Properties of Activated Carbon Fabric Prepared from Cellulosic Polymer: Mixed Activation Method

Bhati¹,

Mahur²,

Dixit³

et al. 2013

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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In this study, activated carbon fabric was prepared from a cellulose-based polymer (viscose rayon) via a combination of physical and chemical activation (mixed activation) processes by means of CO 2 as a gasifying agent and surface and adsorption properties were evaluated. Experiments were performed to investigate the consequence of activation temperature (750, 800, 850 and 925 °C), activation time (15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes) and CO 2 flow rate (100, 200, 300 and 400 mL/min) on the surface and adsorption properties of ACF. The nitrogen adsorption isotherm at 77 K was measured and used for the determination of surface area, total pore volume, micropore volume, mesopore volume and pore size distribution using BET, t-plot, DR, BJH and DFT methods, respectively. It was observed that BET surface area and TPV increase with rising activation temperature and time due to the formation of new pores and the alteration of micropores into mesopores. It was also found that activation temperature dominantly affects the surface properties of ACF. The adsorption of iodine and CCl 4 onto ACF was investigated and both were found to correlate with surface area.

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Preparation of activated carbon cloths from viscous rayon. Part II: physical activation processes

Cited by 65 publications

References 23 publications

Structural and electrochemical investigation of waste newspaper based electrodes for supercapacitor applications

Structural and electrochemical investigation of waste newspaper based electrodes for supercapacitor applications

Production of granular activated carbon from food-processing wastes (walnut shells and jujube seeds) and its adsorptive properties

Surface and Adsorption Properties of Activated Carbon Fabric Prepared from Cellulosic Polymer: Mixed Activation Method

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