Preparation of activated carbon derived from biomass and its application in lithium–sulfur batteries

Chen, Hongwei; Xia, Pengtao; Lei, Weixin; Pan, Yong; Zou, Youlan; Ma, Zengsheng

doi:10.1007/s10934-019-00720-2

Cited by 36 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…273 °C. This behavior is similar to that found in other microporous materials, such as metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) [ 65 ] and in ZnCl 2 -activated pistachio carbon itself [ 49 ]. This means that there would be two types of interactions between S and the host matrix.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Regarding the size of the pores, values of 1.6–3.8 nm were deduced from the DFT representation, indicative of the expected dual pore system. The surface of our carbon was greater than that obtained by Chen et al [ 49 ] (1149 m 2 ·g −1 ). Although the value of the total pore volume was not given, the pore size was less than 2 nm, even though the representation seems to correspond to the application of the Joyner–Barret–Halenda (JBH) method, which is applicable to mesoporous solids.…”

Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 72%

“…Herein, we report the electrochemical results obtained using pistachio shell-derived activated carbon (PSAC) as a conductive and renewable matrix. To our knowledge, the use of PSAC in Li–S cells has recently been reported by Chen et al [ 49 ], using activation by ZnCl 2 . This activating agent, together with KOH and H 3 PO 4 , is the most used in the chemical activation of biomass-derived carbons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pistachio Shell-Derived Carbon Activated with Phosphoric Acid: A More Efficient Procedure to Improve the Performance of Li–S Batteries

2020

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A sustainable and low-cost lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery was produced by reusing abundant waste from biomass as a raw material. Pistachio shell was the by-product from the agri-food industry chosen to obtain activated carbon with excellent textural properties, which acts as a conductive matrix for sulfur. Pistachio shell-derived carbon activated with phosphoric acid exhibits a high surface area (1345 m2·g−1) and pore volume (0.67 cm3·g−1), together with an interconnected system of micropores and mesopores that is capable of accommodating significant amounts of S and enhancing the charge carrier mobility of the electrochemical reaction. Moreover, preparation of the S composite was carried out by simple wet grinding of the components, eliminating the usual stage of S melting. The cell performance was very satisfactory, both in long-term cycling measurements and in rate capability tests. After the initial cycles required for cell stabilization, it maintained good capacity retention for the 300 cycles measured (the capacity loss was barely 0.85 mAh·g−1 per cycle). In the rate capability test, the capacity released was around 650 mAh·g−1 at 1C, a higher value than that supplied by other activated carbons from nut wastes.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pistachio Shell-Derived Carbon Activated with Phosphoric Acid: A More Efficient Procedure to Improve the Performance of Li–S Batteries

2020

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“…Since sulfur is non-conductive, the cathode is prepared as a composite of sulfur with a conductive additive. The most frequently used conductive additives are porous carbons of different origin and morphology [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ], carbon nanotubes [ 2 ], graphene oxide [ 2 , 8 ], hollow carbon spheres or nanofibers [ 7 ], and their combination in a form of hierarchical materials [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. They provide both high electronic conductivity and enough space to accommodate volume changes during charging and discharging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the dissolving of PS on the cathode pushes the reaction forward, but their diffusion to the anode and parasitic reactions with electrolyte solvents and Li anode worsen considerably the Coulombic efficiency, increase the self-discharge rate, and decrease the cell capacity [ 1 ]. Suppression of the above-mentioned issues consists in a confinement of PS diffusion to the cathode compartment, which can be achieved by an additional barrier layer between the cathode and the separator [ 11 ], appropriate separator modification [ 12 ], conductive additive structure engineering [ 3 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 13 , 14 ], or carbon additive surface functionalization [ 2 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Since the operation of the Li–S battery represents a complex problem involving both single- and two-phase processes, optimization of its performance requires a multifaceted approach as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocrystalline TiO2/Carbon/Sulfur Composite Cathodes for Lithium–Sulfur Battery

et al. 2021

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This paper evaluates the influence of the morphology, surface area, and surface modification of carbonaceous additives on the performance of the corresponding cathode in a lithium–sulfur battery. The structure of sulfur composite cathodes with mesoporous carbon, activated carbon, and electrochemical carbon is studied by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption measurements, and Raman spectroscopy. The sulfur cathode containing electrochemical carbon with the specific surface area of 1606.6 m2 g−1 exhibits the best electrochemical performance and provides a charge capacity of almost 650 mAh g−1 in cyclic voltammetry at a 0.1 mV s−1 scan rate and up to 1300 mAh g−1 in galvanostatic chronopotentiometry at a 0.1 C rate. This excellent electrochemical behavior is ascribed to the high dispersity of electrochemical carbon, enabling a perfect encapsulation of sulfur. The surface modification of carbonaceous additives by TiO2 has a positive effect on the electrochemical performance of sulfur composites with mesoporous and activated carbons, but it causes a loss of dispersity and a consequent decrease of the charge capacity of the sulfur composite with electrochemical carbon. The composite of sulfur with TiO2-modified activated carbon exhibited the charge capacity of 393 mAh g−1 in cyclic voltammetry and up to 493 mAh g−1 in galvanostatic chronopotentiometry. The presence of an additional Sigracell carbon felt interlayer further improves the electrochemical performance of cells with activated carbon, electrochemical carbon, and nanocrystalline TiO2-modified activated carbon. This positive effect is most pronounced in the case of activated carbon modified by nanocrystalline TiO2. However, it is not boosted by additional coverage by TiO2 or SnO2, which is probably due to the blocking of pores.

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Biomass‐Derived Carbon Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage

Bai,

Zhang,

Rong

et al. 2024

Chemistry A European J

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The environmental impact from the waste disposal has been widely concerned around the world. The conversion of wastes to useful resources is important for the sustainable society. As a typical family of wastes, biomass materials basically composed of collagen, protein and lignin, are considered as useful resources for recycle and reuse. In recent years, the development of carbon material derived from biomasses, such as plants, crops, animals and their application in electrochemical energy storage have attracted extensive attention. Through the selection of the appropriate biomass, the optimization of the activation method and the control of the pyrolysis temperatures, carbon materials with desired features, such as high‐specific surface area, variable porous framework, and controllable heteroatom‐doping have been fabricated. Herein, this review summarized the preparation methods, morphologies, heteroatoms doping in the plant/animal‐derived carbonaceous materials, and their application as electrode materials for secondary batteries and supercapacitors, and as electrode support for lithium‐sulfur batteries. The challenges and prospects for the controllable synthesis and large‐scale application of biomass‐derived carbonaceous materials have also been outlooked.

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Preparation of activated carbon derived from biomass and its application in lithium–sulfur batteries

Cited by 36 publications

References 37 publications

Pistachio Shell-Derived Carbon Activated with Phosphoric Acid: A More Efficient Procedure to Improve the Performance of Li–S Batteries

Pistachio Shell-Derived Carbon Activated with Phosphoric Acid: A More Efficient Procedure to Improve the Performance of Li–S Batteries

Nanocrystalline TiO2/Carbon/Sulfur Composite Cathodes for Lithium–Sulfur Battery

Biomass‐Derived Carbon Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage

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