Preparation of Block and Graft Copolymers in Systems where the Life-time of the Kinetic Chain is Long

Allen, P. E. M.; Burnett, G. M.; Downer, J. M.; Hardy, Richard J.; Melville, H. W.

doi:10.1038/182245a0

Nature

1958

DOI: 10.1038/182245a0

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Preparation of Block and Graft Copolymers in Systems where the Life-time of the Kinetic Chain is Long

P. E. M. Allen

G. M. Burnett

J. M. Downer

et al.

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Cited by 16 publications

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Die Emulsionspolymerisation von Vinylmonomeren unter dem Einfluß ionisierender Strahlung

Hummel

1963

Angewandte Chemie

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Einige Vinylmonomere Iassen sich in waJriger Emiilsion durch ionisierende Strahlung niit hoher Strahlungsausbeute polymerisieren. Die Kinetik dieser Reaktion und die Kinetik der mit wasserloslichen Initiatoren ausgelosten Etnulsionspolynierisation ist bei gleicher Rezeptur sehr ahnlich. Die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit ist bei der Emulsionspolymerisation etwa hundertmal groJer als bei der Polymerisation in Substanz. Die Initiierung der Emirlsionspolynierisation mit ionisierender Strahlung erlaubt eine gleichnifiJige ,,Ausleuchtung" des Reaktionsraumes und die naheiu beliebige Variation der Initiierungshaufigkeit wfihrend der Reaktion. Der starke AbfalI der Bruttoreaktionsgeschwindigkeit beim Aiifhoren der Initiierung bei der durch y-StrahIen induzierten Emulsionspo Iymerisation von Styrol widerspricht der bisherigen Auffassung von streng getrennten Reaktionsrciumen.

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Die Emulsionspolymerisation von Vinylmonomeren unter dem Einfluß ionisierender Strahlung

Hummel

1963

Angewandte Chemie

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Emulsion Polymerization of Vinyl Monomers under the Influence of Ionizing Radiation

Hummel

1963

Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.

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on the scattering cross-section for the conduction electrons and on the effective charge. The forces act in the same direction, if the interaction with the conduction electrons, not the field force, constitutes the greater part of the driving force. The forces are dependent upon the position coordinate only when either the concentration or the temperature varies along the sample. With equal mobility of both components, both dimensional and concentration changes are possible. Rxeived, November 16th, 1962 [A 281/94 IE1 [60] H . Biickle: Lecture on powdcr metallurgy at the first Plansee-Seminar, Reutte/Tirol (Austria) 1953. [61] Th. Hehenkamp and Th. Hcwrntrnn, Arch. Eisenhuttenwes. 33, 510 (1962).Ionizing radiation induces the polymerizaiion of some vinyl monomers in aqueous emulsion with high radiation yields. With identical emulsion compositions, the kinetics ofthis reaction and the kinetics of emulsion polymerization induced by water-soluble initiators are very similar. The rate of reaction in emulsion polymerization is aboui one hundred times greater than in bulk polymerization. The initiation of emulsion polymerization by means of ionizing radiation permits uniform "illumination" of the reacting volume, as wall as almost any desired variation in the frequency of initiation during the reuction. The sharp decrease in the overall rate of reaction when initiation is interrupted duritiK emulsion polymerization of styrene induced by y-rays contradicts the earlier concept of sharply separaied reaction zones. Receivcd, May 30th, 1962 I A 276192 IE]

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Initiation of emulsion polymerisation by gamma‐irradiation. Polymer grafting in a system of unlimited kinetic chain length

et al. 1960

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Latices of polyvinyl acetate polymerized under the influence of gamma-rays have been used to initiate the polymerisation of methyl methacrylate. Extensive grafting occurred. If the conditions of preparation were suitable, discrete fractions of graft copolymer could be isolated. The structure of these graft copolymers has been discussed from the point of view of available rate constants for chain transfer of polymethyl methacrylate radicals.In systems where styrene is used in the second stage, little or no grafting could be detectedthe main product being pure polystyrene of high molecular weight.

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Preparation of Block and Graft Copolymers in Systems where the Life-time of the Kinetic Chain is Long

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

Die Emulsionspolymerisation von Vinylmonomeren unter dem Einfluß ionisierender Strahlung

Die Emulsionspolymerisation von Vinylmonomeren unter dem Einfluß ionisierender Strahlung

Emulsion Polymerization of Vinyl Monomers under the Influence of Ionizing Radiation

Initiation of emulsion polymerisation by gamma‐irradiation. Polymer grafting in a system of unlimited kinetic chain length

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