Preparation of cationic cotton through reaction with different polyelectrolytes

Abstract

Graphic abstract Cationization of cotton fabrics was performed by exhaustion procedure utilizing four different reagents provided with quaternary ammonium groups: poly diallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDACl), poly acrylamide-co-diallyldimethylammonium chloride (PAcD), poly[bis(2-chloroethyl) ether-alt-1,3-bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]urea] quaternized (P42) and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTAC). Pretreated samples were dyed using Reactive Red 195 dye. The cationic fabrics were analyzed by colorimetric and fastness properties, zeta potential, SEM, FTIR and an estimate of the bactericidal effect. Cationic cotton treated with PDDACl and CHPTAC showed a higher affinity for the reactive dye, with color strength (K/S) values varying from 41 to 48, against 32 for conventional dyeing. P42 presented competitive results with K/S of 27–28. The cationic dyeing considerably reduced the amount of effluent, especially for the CHPTAC samples, which requires a single washing bath for complete removal of unfixed dye. The PDDACl and P42 samples presented bactericidal activity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10570-021-04260-4.

From Regenerated Wood Pulp Fibers to Cationic Cellulose: Preparation, Characterization and Dyeing Properties

“…10.7% remaining in the dyebath), of which 80.6% (F) was fixated to the CellReg/GTAC_1.5 fibers. Therefore, the cationization of the regenerated cellulose fibers improved both the dye exhaustion and dye fixation because this anionic reactive dye can simultaneously interact with the hydroxyl and the tetraalkylammonium groups of the modified cellulose samples [21]. Furthermore, it is important to mention that Cell-Reg/GTAC_1.5 generated the maxima values of dye exhaustion and dye fixation, despite displaying the lowest DS value, probably because of the conjunction of its fibrillar structure, greater surface area and higher availability of the surface cationic groups when compared with the other two modified samples with a film-like morphology.…”

“…Reactive Blue 19 (F = 81-82%). Furthermore, Correia et al [21] extensively studied the effect of four different (poly)electrolytes containing quaternary ammonium groups, including GTAC, on the dyeing process of cotton with the reactive red 195 dye. The authors concluded that the cationization of cotton with GTAC was the most advantageous in terms of dye fixation and exhaustion since it generated the lowest mass of residual dye in both exhaustion and washing baths [21].…”

“…In fact, the increase in the absorption of dyes is of paramount relevance to reduce the environmental footprint of the textile value chain. Despite the existence of studies dealing with the manufacture of cellulose textile fibers with superior dyeability, most are focused on the modification of cellulose pulp powder [19] and cotton fibers [20][21][22], as well as on the regeneration of cellulose fibers from cotton waste pulp [23]. For example, Björquist et al [23] investigated the textile qualities of lyocell fibers from pure cotton waste pulp and lyocell fibers blended with conventional dissolving pulp, and compared them with the commercial manmade TENCEL ® staple fibers.…”

Efficient cationization of cotton fabric via oxidative pretreatment for salt-free reactive dyeing with low chemical consumption

“…18 To avoid these disadvantages, cationic polymers show good application prospects in salt-free reactive dyeing because of their higher affinity to cellulosic fibers, and the studied polymers include poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDACl), chitosan, poly(acrylamide-co-diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PAcD), quaternized poly[bis(2-chloroethyl)ether-alt-1,3-bis [3-(dimethylamino)propyl]urea], poly(hexamethylene biguanide) (PHMB), poly(acryloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride) (PAOTAC), tertiary amine cationic polyacrylamide (TACPAM), polyamino carboxylic acids (PACAs), cationic starch (Q-TAC), keratin, betaine, and ovalbumin. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] For example, Oliveira et al 30 used chitosan and PDDACl to modify cotton and polyester blended fabrics, and high dyebath exhaustion and excellent color strength were obtained for dyeing of the modified fabrics with dispersed/reactive dyes. Correia et al 19 found that PDDACl presented results similar to the commercial reagent CHPTAC, but the concentration of cationic agent was 20 g L −1 and high pH was employed to increase the interaction of cotton fiber with the cationic agent.…”

“…[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] For example, Oliveira et al 30 used chitosan and PDDACl to modify cotton and polyester blended fabrics, and high dyebath exhaustion and excellent color strength were obtained for dyeing of the modified fabrics with dispersed/reactive dyes. Correia et al 19 found that PDDACl presented results similar to the commercial reagent CHPTAC, but the concentration of cationic agent was 20 g L −1 and high pH was employed to increase the interaction of cotton fiber with the cationic agent. Wang et al 31 recently treated cotton fabric with 2-4 g L −1 of PHMB by the pad-drycure method, and the treated fabric could be dyed with acid dyes, which is regarded as a process involving zero discharge of dye wastewater and 100% utilization of dyes, but the underlying mechanism was not confirmed.…”