Preparation of chemically activated carbon from waste biomass by single-stage and two-stage pyrolysis

Zubrik, Anton; Matík, Marek; Hredzák, Slavomír; Lovás, Michal; Danková, Zuzana; Kováčová, Milota; Briančin, Jaroslav

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.061

Cited by 160 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The pH PZC is the pH at which the adsorbent has a neutral charge on the surface. The pH PZC of the adsorbent was determined by using the solid addition method (Balistrieri and Murray 1981;Zubrik et al 2017). The pH PZC for the CTAB-kaolin was found to be 6.2 (Fig.…”

Section: Point Of Zero Charge (Ph Pzc ) and Effect Of Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of cationic surfactant-modified kaolin for enhanced adsorption of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution

Belachew

Hinsene

2019

Appl Water Sci

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In the current work, we have reported a cationic surfactant-modified Ethiopian kaolin for improved adsorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. The raw kaolin was modified by treating with CTAB to enhance the adsorption properties. The crystal structure and vibrational analysis of CTAB-kaolin were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and powder X-ray diffraction (p-XRD) techniques. The successful modification of kaolin by CTAB through intercalation and coating was investigated by XRD and FTIR. p-XRD confirms the raw kaolin obtained from Belesa, Tigo kebele is kaolinite mineral. The study has also focused on the application of kaolin-CTAB for adsorption of hexavalent chromium. The percent removal of Cr(VI) was investigated at different parameters such as pH, contact time, concentration of Cr(VI) and adsorbent dosage. CTAB-kaolin shows 99% removal of Cr(VI) at the adsorption equilibrium (time = 180 min, 100 mg CTAB-kaolin, 10 ppm/100 ml). The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to investigate the adsorption process of chromium onto kaolin-CTAB composites. The equilibrium data obeyed Langmuir model than Freundlich, which shows that the adsorption process proceeds through monolayer adsorption and maximum adsorption capacity was found to be Q o = 22.72 mg/g. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model is found to be well fitted than Pseudo-first-order kinetics, which implies that the adsorption mechanism more favors electrostatic interaction between chromium and kaolin-CTAB composites. In conclusion, CTAB-kaolin was found to be a promising adsorbent for the efficient removal of Cr(VI) from the aqueous solution.

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Section: Point Of Zero Charge (Ph Pzc ) and Effect Of Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of cationic surfactant-modified kaolin for enhanced adsorption of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution

Belachew

Hinsene

2019

Appl Water Sci

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“…In Supporting Information Figure S5A–D, it can be seen that the contour lines shown at the bottom of the response surface plots exhibited elliptical character, with the short axis of the ellipse running along the respective carbonizing temperature. These results imply that the carbonizing temperature is the most influential variable affecting the adsorption capacity during the preparation of MSS‐AC as the carbonizing temperature plays as a critical role in removing volatile and/or organic matter and creating initial porosity, which will ultimately enhance both the final porosity of the product and its adsorption capacity .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Optimized preparation of activated carbon from municipal sewage sludge and application to the adsorption of azo dye from aqueous solutions

Jung

Lee

2018

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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In this study, the conditions for preparation of active carbon from municipal sewage sludge (MSS) were optimized from application to the efficient removal of the azo dye, Acid Orange 7 (AO7), from aqueous solutions. To maximize the adsorption capacity (response variable) of the MSS‐derived activated carbon (MSS‐AC), a 3 k Box–Behnken design based on response surface methodology was used to simultaneously optimize five important conditions (independent variables), that is, carbonizing temperature (400–600°C), carbonizing time (0.5–2.0 h), impregnation ratio (1.0–3.5 g KOH/g MSS), activating temperature (600–800°C), and activating time (0.5–2.0 h). The optimal conditions were established as carbonizing temperature: 509°C, carbonizing time: 1.25 h, impregnation ratio: 2.3 g KOH/g MSS, activating temperature: 681°C, and activating time: 1.21 h, with an overall desirability function of 0.991. Further, the effects of various key parameters (solution pH, ionic strength, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration, contact time, and temperature) on the adsorption of AO7 on the as‐synthesized MSS‐AC were elucidated through a series of batch experiments. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm studies revealed that the adsorption process is accurately described by the pseudo‐second order and Sips models. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of AO7 was found to be ~1410 mg/g at 25°C, which is superior to that of the other adsorbents reported to date. Additionally, the intraparticle diffusion model suggested that the adsorption was controlled by both external surface adsorption and intraparticle diffusion. Thermodynamic studies also suggested that the adsorption of AO7 by MASS‐AC is exothermic and is governed by physisorption. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38: S267–S276, 2019

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“…Some researchers attempted to modify the synthesis method of activated carbon. In chemical activation the biomass is mixed with chemical activating reagent prior to pyrolysis at high temperature which is known as one step pyrolysis where as in certain studies two step of pyrolysis of biomass was carried out where carbonization at lower temperature precedes addition of chemical activating agent [21,22]. The two step pyrolysis increased microporosity and surface area of activated carbon which lead to higher adsorption capacity.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Activated Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancement in the Utilization of Nanocatalyst for Transesterification of Triglycerides

Kumar¹,

Sharma²,

Srivastava³

et al. 2018

JNST

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Preparation of chemically activated carbon from waste biomass by single-stage and two-stage pyrolysis

Cited by 160 publications

References 54 publications

Preparation of cationic surfactant-modified kaolin for enhanced adsorption of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution

Preparation of cationic surfactant-modified kaolin for enhanced adsorption of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution

Optimized preparation of activated carbon from municipal sewage sludge and application to the adsorption of azo dye from aqueous solutions

Advancement in the Utilization of Nanocatalyst for Transesterification of Triglycerides

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