Preparation of Cytology Samples

Moore, A Russell

doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2016.07.001

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Interobserver variability plays an important role in cytology. Discrepancies in the diagnosing disease has a significant influence on the clinical management of a patient, and having a multidisciplinary meeting, specific grading schemes, and seeking second opinions have been suggested to minimize this issue . In our study, the agreement between the pathologists was acceptable for most factors (greater than 0.5), with the highest agreement in the overall ability to make a diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Fine‐needle aspiration of cutaneous, subcutaneous, and intracavitary masses in dogs and cats using 22‐ vs 25‐gauge needles

Arai

Rist

Clancey

et al. 2019

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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Background Fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) is a common procedure as a diagnostic tool in veterinary medicine. However, it is unclear whether the gauge of the needle affects the quality of cytology. Objective This study compared the quality of cytologic samples obtained via FNA using 22‐ or 25‐gauge needles. Methods Fine‐needle aspiration was performed on 50 masses (cutaneous, subcutaneous, or intracavitary) obtained from client‐owned animals. The size of the needle was randomly assigned using either of the following two sequences: 22‐25‐22 gauge or 25‐22‐25 gauge. Samples were evaluated by two board‐certified clinical pathologists to assess cellularity, blood contamination, amount of cellular debris, degree of cellular trauma, and the overall ability to make a diagnosis for each sample. Results No significant difference was detected between the 22‐ and 25‐gauge needle samples for cellularity, whereas a significant difference was present for blood contamination, amount of cellular debris, and degree of cellular trauma. The overall ability to make a diagnosis was not significantly affected by the needle gauge. The degree of cellular trauma was significantly increased in intracavitary samples. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance Needle gauge is a contributing factor to FNA sample quality. However, it did not affect the overall ability to make a diagnosis. Samples obtained using 25‐gauge needles resulted in less blood contamination yet increased cellular trauma compared to 22‐gauge needle samples.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Fine‐needle aspiration of cutaneous, subcutaneous, and intracavitary masses in dogs and cats using 22‐ vs 25‐gauge needles

Arai

Rist

Clancey

et al. 2019

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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“…In light of the minimum cellularity needed for both flow cytometry and PARR, this report further supports the value of screening urine via cytologic examination prior to performing more invasive diagnostic techniques. Previous reports have described urine as a challenging substance to work with because it does not preserve cell morphology, leading to degenerative changes such as vacuolization and the accumulation of cellular debris . Therefore, the collection of a fresh sample is imperative for successful cytologic evaluation and immunophenotyping when using urine‐derived cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of canine renal lymphoma by cytology and flow cytometry of the urine

Witschen

Sharkey

Seelig

et al. 2020

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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Lymphoma is a common hematopoietic neoplasm of dogs. A definitive diagnosis typically requires the collection of samples via fine‐needle aspirate or biopsy. A unique case of canine renal T‐cell lymphoma diagnosed using urine sediment microscopy with flow cytometry and PCR for Antigen Receptor Rearrangement (PARR) is presented. A fresh urine sample was collected via a urinary catheter and immediately prepared for cytologic examination, flow cytometry, and PARR. The flow cytometric study revealed that 83% of the cells were large CD3+CD8+ T cells, while PARR identified a clonally rearranged T‐cell receptor gene, supporting the flow cytometry findings. Despite supportive care, the patient progressed to anuric renal failure and was humanely euthanized. A necropsy was performed, and tissues from the upper and lower urinary tracts were collected. Histologically, the right and left kidneys were infiltrated by a neoplastic round cell population effacing the cortex and medulla. Immunohistochemistry for the T‐ and B‐cell antigens CD3 and CD20, respectively, revealed that the neoplastic population within the kidney demonstrated diffuse, strong, membranous to intracytoplasmic CD3 expression while lacking CD20 expression. These results confirmed the diagnosis of renal T‐cell lymphoma. This is the first known report of canine lymphoma diagnosed using either urine flow cytometry or clonality testing. Therefore, in select cases, urine flow cytometry and/or PARR are feasible to perform on urine‐derived cells as a quick and cost‐effective means to aid in the diagnosis of urinary tract lymphoma.

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“…It is also important to point out that factors such as the technique and sample obtained may also infuence this result. Artifacts in the manufacture of slides can compromise the distribution of cells, culminating in intense overlapping, crushing, and countless others, signifcantly interfering in the analysis [19]. Samples of males had a higher number of viable spicules than those of females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Bone Marrow Aspiration from 120 Cats in Different Hematological Conditions

de Cristo,

Biezus,

Ledo

et al. 2023

Veterinary Medicine International

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Bone marrow (BM) evaluation is highly important for the diagnosis of numerous hematological alterations in animals, especially cats, given their greater propensity for hematopoietic changes associated with retrovirus infections. This study aims to describe the main aspects of the BM of cats with different hematological conditions, comparing with reference intervals established from animals without hematological alterations and also with a previously established reference interval. To do so, we evaluated full blood and BM samples from 120 cats with no abnormalities on physical examination, negative for FeLV and FIV. Hemograms were performed from automated total cell and platelet and leukocyte differential counts in blood smears. BM samples were placed in Petri dishes; medullary spicules were selected to make up to eight cytological slides stained by the May–Grunwald–Giemsa technique, which were subjected to quantitative and cellular morphology evaluations. The cats were predominantly young, 64.2% female and 35.8% male. The average number of medullary spicules in samples was 13.7%, and density was 44%. In the BM quantitative analysis, prorubricytes and rubriblasts had higher quantities than the recommended one for all cats with or without hematological alterations. In all groups, lymphocytes were decreased, and cats with lymphocytosis were closest to the reference range, showing flame cells and Mott cells. The reference interval for the bone marrow cell count obtained from the samples in this work differs from previously established data, leading to different interpretations of the patient’s BM condition, according to the cell population observed and the reference interval used. This divergence strongly emphasizes the need to correlate clinical, epidemiological, hematological, and bone marrow data of each patient for a better understanding of the patient’s condition. The popularization of BM assessment is essential so that more reliable reference intervals can be established according to the population served by each pathologist and clinical laboratory.

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Preparation of Cytology Samples

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

Fine‐needle aspiration of cutaneous, subcutaneous, and intracavitary masses in dogs and cats using 22‐ vs 25‐gauge needles

Fine‐needle aspiration of cutaneous, subcutaneous, and intracavitary masses in dogs and cats using 22‐ vs 25‐gauge needles

Diagnosis of canine renal lymphoma by cytology and flow cytometry of the urine

Overview of Bone Marrow Aspiration from 120 Cats in Different Hematological Conditions

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