Preparation of Dichlorocarbene Modified Butadiene Rubber and Its Thermal Properties

Witinuntakit, Tapanee; Poompradub, Sirilux

doi:10.1002/masy.201400104

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The vulcanizates of BR have superior tensile strength, low hysteresis loss, good wear resistance, low rolling resistance, and for these reasons about 70% of the total production of BR is used in the tire industry. Butadiene rubber is commonly blended with other rubbers instead of being used alone [1][2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of iron(III) oxide in chloroprene and butadiene rubber blends’ cross-linking, structure, thermal and mechanical characteristics

2019

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The role of iron(III) oxide (Fe 2 O 3) in the cross-linking process, structure and functional properties of chloroprene and butadiene rubber (CR/BR) blends was studied. The unconventional elastomeric blends containing chloroprene and butadiene rubbers of different mass ratios, cross-linked with iron(III) oxide, have been studied. It has found that the iron(III) oxide could be used as a cross-linking agent in CR/BR blend and the curing degree depends largely on the composition of the blends. These results indicate that the curing degree of the blends is increased with increasing amount of chloroprene rubber. It is very interesting to note that the addition of butadiene rubber to chloroprene rubber improved the mechanical properties of the resulting vulcanizates. The resulting CR/BR/Fe 2 O 3 vulcanizates were characterized by good mechanical properties. Surprisingly, the selected vulcanizates containing chloroprene and butadiene rubbers had a 40% greater tensile strength compared to vulcanizates containing only chloroprene rubber. The amount of iron(III) oxide as the curing agent slightly affected the curing degree and mechanical properties of the resulting rubber materials. This should probably be linked to the interelastomer reaction between the chloroprene and butadiene rubbers occurring in the presence of iron(III) oxide at an elevated temperature. Interelastomer reactions between both elastomers may lead to improved homogeneity and miscibility of the test systems. Additionally, it has been found that the CR/BR blends cross-linked with Fe 2 O 3 were characterized by a high flame resistance. The undoubtable advantages of the proposed technology are its simplicity, low cost and incombustibility.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of iron(III) oxide in chloroprene and butadiene rubber blends’ cross-linking, structure, thermal and mechanical characteristics

2019

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“…The DCBR was prepared by dichlorocarbene modification via the alkaline hydrolysis of CHCl 3 as described in the previous report . 10 g of BR dissolved in 150 mL toluene in a 2‐necked round‐bottomed flask was added by 0.002 mol of the phase transfer agent (CTAB or TEAC).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DCBR was prepared by dichlorocarbene modification via the alkaline hydrolysis of CHCl 3 as described in the previous report. 33 10 g of BR dissolved in 150 mL toluene in a 2-necked round-bottomed flask was added by 0.002 mol of the phase transfer agent (CTAB or TEAC). The solution was stirred at room temperature (RT; approximately 25°C), 40°C or 50°C for 5 minutes, then CHCl 3 (30 mL) and 50% (w/w) NaOH (35 mL) were added.…”

Section: Preparation Of Dcbrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dichlorocarbene modified butadiene rubber (DCBR): Preparation, kinetic study, and its properties in natural rubber/DCBR blend vulcanizates

Witinuntakit

Kiatkamjornwong

Poompradub

2017

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Dichlorocarbene modified butadiene rubber (DCBR) was prepared via the addition of the dichlorocarbene group in the presence of 2 phase transfer agents (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and tetraethylammonium chloride). The effects of the reaction temperature and time, amount of dichlorocarbene precursor, and the type and amount of phase transfer agent on the chlorine content were investigated. The highest chlorine content (30%) in DCBR was obtained using 0.062 mol chloroform and 0.003 mol cetyltrimethylammonium bromide at room temperature for 19 hours although 27.9% was obtained after 12 hours. The kinetics of this dichlorocarbene modification was best described by the pseudo-first order rate law with 2 rate constants. For practical applications, the DCBR with chlorine contents of 10%, 20%, or 30% were blended with natural rubber (NR) and then vulcanized using the sulfur-curing system. Although the polarity of DCBR was increased, a good compatibility between NR and DCBR still existed, resulting in improved mechanical properties. The oil resistance, flame retardant, and ozone resistance properties of the NR/DCBR blend vulcanizates were enhanced compared to those of a NR/butadiene rubber blend vulcanizate, which was related to the amount of chlorine incorporated into the DCBR. KEYWORDS mechanical properties, oxidation, rubber, thermal properties | INTRODUCTIONRubber products have recently been extensively used in tire production, healthcare supplies, household supplies, interior construction, and transportation. Therefore, there is a demand for flame retardant, ozone, and oil resistance properties of these rubber products. Because rubber molecules contain carbon-carbon double (C═C) bonds, which are reactive to free radicals, ozone, and oxygen, rubber compounds alone have some disadvantages, especially their poor thermal properties and low ozone resistance. modification of rubber is another method of improving the properties of rubber containing C═C bonds. This modification reduces the number of C═C bonds in the rubber structure and introduces the polar dichlorocarbene group into the rubber molecules. Although the increased polarity may cause mixing problems in rubber blends, partially dichlorocarbene modified rubber is less polar than halogenated rubber, which often has a mixing problem. Thus, modification by dichlorocarbene may cause reduced mixing problems compared to halogenated rubber, and so dichlorocarbene modification was chosen for this study. and tetraethylammonium chloride (TEAC) were purchased from AjaxFinechem Pty Ltd (New Zealand) and Sigma-Aldrich Co LLC (USA), respectively. The chemical structures of CTAB and TEAC, the phase transfer agents, are shown in Figure S1. All chemical reagents were used as received. Zinc oxide (ZnO) and stearic acid were used as activators. N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazol-sulfenamide (CBS) and sulfur were used as an accelerator and a crosslinking agent, respectively. All vulcanizing agents were purchased from PAN Innovation Industry Ltd (Thailand). | Preparation of DCBRThe DCBR ...

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“…The most convenient and efficient method reported for the generation of dihalocarbene is the hydrolysis of chloroform (CHCl 3 ) with aqueous alkali metal hydroxide in the presence of a phase transfer agent. [14][15][16] We have reported that the dichlorocarbene-modified styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) shows better flame retardancy and excellent oil resistance compared to other chlorinecontaining rubbers. 17 The oil and solvent diffusion process depends on free volume within the elastomer matrix, polarity of polymer, cross-link density, temperature, and the size of the penetrant molecules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative evaluation of oil resistance, dielectric properties, AC conductivity, and transport properties of nitrile rubber and chlorinated nitrile rubber

Nihmath

Ramesan

2020

Progress in Rubber, Plastics and Recycling Technology

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Nitrile rubber (NBR) has been extensively used in high oil resistance application such as in automotive seals and gaskets. Due to the poor mechanical strength of NBR, the performance of these products undergoes deterioration when it is in contact with hot oils and solvents. The aim of the present work is to investigate the molecular transport of petroleum fuels and oil through chlorinated NBR (Cl-NBR) with respect to different contents of chlorine. It also focuses on the effect of chlorine content on the alternating current (AC) conductivity and dielectric properties of Cl-NBR for flexible electronic applications. The transport characteristics of petroleum fuels through the NBR and Cl-NBR membranes have been studied by a simple sorption gravimetric analysis in the temperature range 27–50°C. The diffusion results have been explained in terms of the size of liquid molecules and the diffusion mechanism was found to follow the anomalous trend. The diffusion, sorption, solvent uptake, and permeation constants were investigated and were found to decrease with increase in the level of chlorine content in NBR matrix. The activation energy for diffusion and permeation processes were increased and reached maximum value for Cl-NBR (22% Cl content). The oil resistance property of Cl-NBR was significantly higher than pure NBR. The swelling of Cl-NBR in ASTM oil was three times lower than NBR. The electrical conductivity and dielectric properties of NBR was found to be increased with the increase in chlorine content of NBR. NBR showed the AC conductivity value of 7.24 S cm−1 at 106 Hz, while the Cl-NBR with 24% chlorine showed the conductivity value of 4.69 S cm−1. The higher AC conductivity and dielectric properties, solvent, and oil resistance of Cl-NBR than that of NBR suggests that the Cl-NBR can be used as multifunctional materials for flexible nano-electronic devices and high-performance oil-resistant applications.

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Preparation of Dichlorocarbene Modified Butadiene Rubber and Its Thermal Properties

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

The role of iron(III) oxide in chloroprene and butadiene rubber blends’ cross-linking, structure, thermal and mechanical characteristics

The role of iron(III) oxide in chloroprene and butadiene rubber blends’ cross-linking, structure, thermal and mechanical characteristics

Dichlorocarbene modified butadiene rubber (DCBR): Preparation, kinetic study, and its properties in natural rubber/DCBR blend vulcanizates

Comparative evaluation of oil resistance, dielectric properties, AC conductivity, and transport properties of nitrile rubber and chlorinated nitrile rubber

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