Preparation of Electrode Materials Based on Carbon Cloth via Hydrothermal Method and Their Application in Supercapacitors

Abstract

Supercapacitors have the unique advantages of high power density, fast charge and discharge rates, long cycle life, high safety, and reliability, and are increasingly being used for applications including automobiles, rail transit, communication equipment, digital electronics, and aerospace equipment. The supercapacitor industry is currently in a stage of rapid development; great breakthroughs have also been made in improving the performance of supercapacitors and the expansion of their application. Electrode technology is the core of supercapacitors. Transition-metal compounds have a relatively high theoretical capacity and have received widespread attention as electrode materials for supercapacitors. In addition, there is a synergistic effect between the different components of various electrode composite materials. Due to their superior electrochemical performance, supercapacitors are receiving increasing research attention. Flexible supercapacitors have been hailed for their good plasticity, resulting in a development boom. This review article mainly outlines the development process of various electrode materials, including carbon materials, conductive polymers, metal compounds, and composite materials, as well as flexible electrode materials based on carbon cloth.

Material Choice and Structure Design of Flexible Battery Electrode

“…Nanostructures can also shorten ion diffusion channels, accelerate the exchange of electrons and ions in electrolytes in electrode reactions, and greatly improve the energy density and rate capability of flexible batteries. [90] Furthermore, it is difficult to control the stability of nanostructured carbon fibers due to the agglomeration caused [77]). f) Effect of heat treatment temperature on Young's modulus of carbon fibers.…”

Intrinsically Conducting Polymer Composites as Active Masses in Supercapacitors

“…Carbon cloth or carbon paper and the corresponding graphitized materials appear to be suitable substrates; they may even be considered as constituents in composites. As opposed to the title of [ 140 ], carbon cloth is only one of several carbonaceous materials in this report; only two examples of composites with ICPs are mentioned. PANI nanowires formed on carbon cloth yielded a flexible electrode with 86% capacitance retention after 2100 cycles [ 141 ]; arrays of α-Fe 2 O 3 on carbon cloth coated with PPy were studied as electrode in an asymmetric solid-state supercapacitor with 97% capacity retention after 5000 cycles [ 142 ].…”

Nanotechnology in Advanced 2D and 3D Nanostructured Transition Metal Oxide Based Flexible Supercapacitors: A Review

“…[36,63] The hydrothermal method is simple and effective, and it occurs above room temperatures and pressures. [64] Microwave methods can significantly reduce the reaction time and temperature, resulting in moderate reaction conditions and simple operation. Porous materials, inorganic complexes, nanocrystalline particles, and organic molecules have all been synthesized using this technique.…”

“…Chemical methods such as sol‐gel, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), hydrothermal, spray coating, dip coating, microwave, inkjet printing, and physical vapor deposition are the most extensively utilized to prepare innovative materials for the fabrication of flexible electrodes [36,63] . The hydrothermal method is simple and effective, and it occurs above room temperatures and pressures [64] . Microwave methods can significantly reduce the reaction time and temperature, resulting in moderate reaction conditions and simple operation.…”