Preparation of Emulsifier-Free Styrene–Acrylic Emulsion via Reverse Iodine Transfer Polymerization

Huang, Tao; Gong, Shuling

doi:10.3390/polym13193348

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Also, two peaks at 1,452 and 1,379 cm −1 were produced by C–H bending vibrations of –CH 3 and –CH 2 groups, respectively, the peak at 1,727 cm −1 resulted from the stretching vibration of the carbonyl ester C = O and the peak at 1,494 cm −1 due to the asymmetric stretching vibration of carbonyl anion COO−. Asymmetric stretching vibration, symmetric stretching vibration and bending vibration of C–O– C appeared at 1,237, 1,064 and 1,157 cm −1 , respectively (Huang and Gong, 2021). The absence of the peak at 1,680 – 1620 cm −1 of alkenyl C = C stretch confirmed that the polymerization of all monomers was achieved.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation of acrylate terpolymer based coating on anti-carbonation

Nashed

Zahran²,

Youssef³

et al. 2022

PRT

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine how well reinforced concrete structures can be shielded against concrete carbonation using anti-carbonation coatings based on synthetic polymer. Design/methodology/approach Applying free radical polymerization, an acrylate terpolymer emulsion that a surfactant had stabilized was created. A thermogravimetric analysis, minimum film-forming temperature, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and particle size distribution are used to characterize the prepared eco-friendly water base acrylate terpolymer emulsion. Using three different percentages of the acrylate terpolymer emulsion produced, 35%, 45% and 55%, the anti-carbonation coating was formed. Tensile strength, tensile strain, elongation, crack-bridging ability, carbon dioxide permeability, chloride ion diffusion, average pull-off adhesion strength, water vapor transmission, gloss, wet scrub resistance, QUV/weathering and storage stability are the characteristics of the anti-carbonation coating. Findings The formulated acrylate terpolymer emulsion enhances anti-carbonation coating performance in CO2 permeability, Cl-diffusion, crack bridging, pull-off adhesion strength and water vapor transmission. The formed coating based on the formulated acrylate terpolymer emulsion performed better than its commercial counterpart. Practical implications To protect the steel embedded in concrete from corrosion and increase the life span of concrete, the surface of cement is treated with an anti-carbonation coating based on synthetic acrylate terpolymer emulsion. Social implications In addition to saving lives from building collapse, it maintains the infrastructure for the long run. Originality/value The anti-carbonation coating, which is based on the synthetic acrylate terpolymer emulsion, is environmentally benign and stops the entry of carbon dioxide and chlorides, which are the main causes of steel corrosion in concrete.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation of acrylate terpolymer based coating on anti-carbonation

Nashed

Zahran²,

Youssef³

et al. 2022

PRT

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“…As a hard monomer, St has a higher T g , while BA acts as a soft monomer. The Fox equation, which explains how a rigid monomer proportion affects the polymer's glass transition, indicates that an increase of hard monomer proportion leads to an increase in T g 41,42 . Therefore, BS3 emulsion with the highest St content possesses the highest T g .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the wet adhesive bonding of bamboo urea‐formaldehyde adhesive using styrene acrylate by controlling monomer ratios

Liang

Chen

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The utilization of bamboo resources can significantly alleviate the wood shortage and facilitate CO2 neutralization. However, the adhesive bonding performance of bamboo is not ideal, which greatly limits its application. Therefore, the biggest challenge is to explore a simple and effective method to enhance the bonding between bamboo and adhesive. In this study, we synthesized three butyl acrylate‐styrene (BS) emulsions with different monomer ratios and incorporated them into urea‐formaldehyde (UF) resins to prepare butyl acrylate‐styrene modified urea‐formaldehyde (BUF) adhesives. Results show that BS emulsion not only prolongs the workability time of UF adhesives (95 s–108 s), but also reduces the free formaldehyde content (0.38%–0.26%). Specifically, BS emulsion with the highest hard/soft monomer ratio makes BUF adhesive the lowest activation energy, showing the accelerated curing reaction. Specifically, the prepared laminated bamboo‐veneer lumber (LBVL) exhibits the best wet‐bonding strength and meets the Chinese National Standard, suggesting that BS emulsion with a higher hard/soft monomer ratio can enhance bonding performance. Thus, this efficient method can not only enhance various adhesive properties, but also improves the bonding performance on LVBL, which can greatly ease the shortage of wood resources and speed up the development of the bamboo industry.

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“…Styrene acrylic emulsions are widely used as coatings for textiles, train cars, ship interiors, buildings, architectural coatings, adhesives, paper coatings, etc. Coatings based on styrene acrylate emulsions display excellent UV stability, resistance to water, detergents, and alkalis, and they have low-volatile organic compounds (VOCs) [31,32]. Although they cannot be utilized alone as fire-retardant materials, they can be used as binders for fire-retardant additives to different substrates with good coating performances [33][34][35][36][37][38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halogen-Free Waterborne Polymeric Hybrid Coatings for Improved Fire Retardancy of Textiles

Yilmaz,

Kucuk,

Darie-Nita

et al. 2023

Polymers

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Wildfires are becoming more intense and more frequent, ravaging the habitations and ecosystems in their path. One solution to reducing the risk of damage to buildings and other structures during a fire event is the use of fire-retardant coatings that can stop or slow down the spread of flames, especially for textile materials. The present study focuses on the preparation and application of halogen-free boron/bentonite-based polymeric fire-retardant (FR) hybrid coating formulations for fabrics such as cotton (CO) and polyester (PE) fibers. For the preparation of FR composites, two types of boron derivatives, disodium octaborate and zinc borate, were used in combination with sodium bentonite. A styrene-acrylic copolymer was specifically synthesized and used as a coating binder for FR components to apply on fabrics. The properties of the synthesized copolymer and FR composites were characterized with a particle size analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, a dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and rheological measurements. The obtained hybrid composites based on styrene-acrylic copolymers and two different inorganic fillers were applied on cotton (CO) and polyester (PE) fabrics with a screen-printing technique, and the flame retardancy performance of the finished textile samples was investigated by means of flame spread and limit oxygen index (LOI) tests. The findings showed that the FR-composite-coated fabrics had higher LOI values and much decreased flame spread rates in comparison with uncoated ones. Among the boron derivatives, the composites prepared with disodium octaborate (FR-A) had much more pronounced LOI values and decreased flame spread behavior in comparison with the composite with zinc borate (FR-B). When compared to a commercial product, the FR-A composite, in conjunction with the specially synthesized polymer, demonstrated commendable fire retardancy performance and emerged as a promising candidate for a halogen-free waterborne fire-retardant coating for fabrics.

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Preparation of Emulsifier-Free Styrene–Acrylic Emulsion via Reverse Iodine Transfer Polymerization

Cited by 4 publications

References 58 publications

Performance evaluation of acrylate terpolymer based coating on anti-carbonation

Performance evaluation of acrylate terpolymer based coating on anti-carbonation

Improving the wet adhesive bonding of bamboo urea‐formaldehyde adhesive using styrene acrylate by controlling monomer ratios

Halogen-Free Waterborne Polymeric Hybrid Coatings for Improved Fire Retardancy of Textiles

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