Preparation of Fat‐Liquor Based on Jojoba Oil Under Phase Transfer Catalysis

Nashy, El-Shahat H.A.; Megahed, Mohamed G.; El‐Ghaffar, M. A. Abd

doi:10.1007/s11746-011-1778-z

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…22, 3005.10, 2925.60, 2854.65, 2682.98, 1739.79, 1654.92, 1456.18, 1170.79, 1043.49 and 721.38 cm-1 [35]. The stretching and bending absorption peaks at 3005.10 and 721.38 cm-1 which correspond to olefinic (-CH) group [36]. The spectra also show other stretching absorption bands at 1654.92, 1739.79 and 1170.79 cm-1 which correspond to (C=C) bond, C=O and C-O of ester group respectively.…”

Section: Ft-ir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 98%

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Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Jojoba Oil Using Red Sea Coralline limestone as a heterogeneous Catalyst

Hassan¹,

Youssif²,

Ibrahim³

2019

IJEAS

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Jojoba oil (Simmondsia chinensis Link Schneider) has potential as an alternative, nonfood feedstock for Biodiesel production. Jojoba seed which obtained from Erkaweit-Sudan was used in biodiesel (JME) production using Coralline limestone rocks as a heterogeneous catalyst. Coralline limestone rocks is a abundant and environmentally friendly in the Red Sea area, the main characteristic of this rock is the high content of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), which was transformed into CaO by calcinations. The transesterification reaction variables; methanol / oil molar ratio, catalyst weight% and reaction time were fully optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) based on a central composite design (CCD). The catalyst was characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and HPGe gamma spectrometry. Jojoba seeds were investigated for agronomical parameters, the analysis of jojoba seed gives, 45.187g weight of 50 seeds, the seeds measurements were 16.256 mm length, 10.551 breadth and 9.721mm thickness, the proximate composition of the seed were 46.711 oil content, 3.486 Moisture, 1.71 Ash, 15.45 Protein and 32.633 Carbohydrates (by diff.). Jojoba oil was also tested for its physiochemical properties including acid value, peroxide value, FFA, flash point, pour point, refractive index, density, viscosity @ 40 ˚C, saponification and iodine values. Proximate analysis of extracted oil gives (0.936 mgKOH/g, 2.469 mEq/kg, 0.47%, 150 ˚C, +9 ˚C, 1.464, 0.864 g/ml, 22.507 Cst, 95.011 mgKOH/g and 84.20 I2/100g) respectively. The important fuel properties of Jojoba oil methyl ester (JME) were evaluated including kinematic viscosity @ 40 ˚C (6.783 Cst), acid value (034 mgKOH/g), Flash point (154 ˚C), density (865 kg/m3) and cetane number (53.33 min.). The fatty acids profile fatty jojoba oil and jojoba methyl ester were established by GC analysis. According to this study, the maximum yield of JME was 81.93% at 12/1 methanol/oil molar ratio 5% catalyst weight and 3 hours reaction time.

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Section: Ft-ir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The spectra also show other stretching absorption bands at 1654.92, 1739.79 and 1170.79 cm-1 which correspond to (C=C) bond, C=O and C-O of ester group respectively. The bands of CH3 and CH2 groups appear at 2925.60 and 2854.65 cm-1 [36]. [35].…”

Section: Ft-ir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Jojoba Oil Using Red Sea Coralline limestone as a heterogeneous Catalyst

Hassan¹,

Youssif²,

Ibrahim³

2019

IJEAS

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“…For industrial applications, jojoba oil is of enormous significance. In 2011, El-Shahat et al [70] studied jojoba oil for further use as a fat-liquoring agent in the leather sector. The investigation includes sulfiting jojoba fat liquid in order to prepare it for use.…”

Section: Leather Tanningmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Vital Uses of Jojoba Oil and Its Derivatives in Daily Life and the Petroleum Industry

Nasser¹

2023

Advances in Rheology of Materials

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Unlike other crops, the jojoba shrub contains around 50% by weight of an almost odorless, colorless oil made mostly of monoesters of the straight-chain alcohols and acids, C20 and C22, with one double bond on either side. The shrub is distinct from other species. In order to create modified jojoba derivatives, scientists can modify both the olefinic group and the ester group of jojoba oil, which is detailed in this book chapter. Jojoba oil has been modified in studies for various uses. These alterations include isomerization, bromination, sulfur-chlorination, sulfurization, hydrogenation, epoxidation, hydroxymethylation, phosphonation, ethoxylation, Diels-Alder adduction, pinacol rearrangement, bonding with polyethylene, and boning with polystyrene matrix. The next paragraphs will cover all of the applications for these modified jojoba oil derivatives, including medicine, emulsifiers, detergents, surfactants, lubricating oil, lubricating oil additives, leather tanning, texture, and corrosion inhibitors.

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“…Moreover, jojoba oil has been used in the leather industry as a fat-liquoring agent, which verified significant improvement in the mechanical properties of leather, such as tensile strength and elongation at break [ 5 , 87 ].…”

Section: Industrial Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jojoba Oil: An Updated Comprehensive Review on Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Uses, and Toxicity

Gad

Roberts²,

Hamzi³

et al. 2021

Polymers

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Jojoba is a widely used medicinal plant that is cultivated worldwide. Its seeds and oil have a long history of use in folklore to treat various ailments, such as skin and scalp disorders, superficial wounds, sore throat, obesity, and cancer; for improvement of liver functions, enhancement of immunity, and promotion of hair growth. Extensive studies on Jojoba oil showed a wide range of pharmacological applications, including antioxidant, anti-acne and antipsoriasis, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antipyretic, analgesic, antimicrobial, and anti-hyperglycemia activities. In addition, Jojoba oil is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, especially in cosmetics for topical, transdermal, and parenteral preparations. Jojoba oil also holds value in the industry as an anti-rodent, insecticides, lubricant, surfactant, and a source for the production of bioenergy. Jojoba oil is considered among the top-ranked oils due to its wax, which constitutes about 98% (mainly wax esters, few free fatty acids, alcohols, and hydrocarbons). In addition, sterols and vitamins with few triglyceride esters, flavonoids, phenolic and cyanogenic compounds are also present. The present review represents an updated literature survey about the chemical composition of jojoba oil, its physical properties, pharmacological activities, pharmaceutical and industrial applications, and toxicity.

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Preparation of Fat‐Liquor Based on Jojoba Oil Under Phase Transfer Catalysis

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Jojoba Oil Using Red Sea Coralline limestone as a heterogeneous Catalyst

Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Jojoba Oil Using Red Sea Coralline limestone as a heterogeneous Catalyst

The Vital Uses of Jojoba Oil and Its Derivatives in Daily Life and the Petroleum Industry

Jojoba Oil: An Updated Comprehensive Review on Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Uses, and Toxicity

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