Preparation of graphene oxide/carboxymethyl chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite nanofiber membranes by electrospinning for heavy metal adsorption

Abstract

In this paper, a graphene‐oxide/carboxymethyl‐chitosan/polyvinyl‐alcohol (GO/CMC/PVA) composite nanofiber membrane was prepared by electrospinning and cross‐linking with glutaraldehyde (GA) to improve the water resistance. The composite nanofiber membrane can be used in the field of heavy metal adsorption. The membrane was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. The effects of GO concentration, adsorption time, and initial concentration of heavy‐metal ion (Ni2+, Cu2+, Ag+, and Pb2+) solution on the adsorption performance of the fiber membranes were investigated. The results showed that the addition of GO can reduce the diameter of nanofibers. GO, CMC, and PVA exhibited good compatibility, and the intermolecular hydrogen bonding improved. The addition of GO also improved the crystalline properties of the composite fiber membrane. In the optimal cross‐linking condition, GA was saturated by steam cross‐linking for 6 h. The introduction of GO improved the adsorption capacity of the membrane for heavy metals in water. The utmost adsorption capacities for Ni2+, Cu2+, Ag+, and Pb2+ were 262.1, 237.9, 319.3, and 413.6 mg/g when using the cross‐linked composite fiber membranes, respectively. The results of adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics showed that the adsorption process accorded with the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model and Langmuir–Freundlich isotherm model.

Biopolymeric Nanocomposites for Wastewater Remediation: An Overview on Recent Progress and Challenges

“…The study shows the reduction in the nanofiber diameter and increased crystallinity through the addition of GO with improved intermolecular hydrogen bonding with the polymeric matrix. The improved adsorption capacity of the biopolymeric membrane for Ni 2+ , Cu 2+ , Ag + , and Pb 2+ was observed at 262.1, 237.9, 319.3, and 413.6 mg/g, respectively [ 180 ]. Similar results have been observed by Thakur et al with more than a 90% removal efficiency [ 181 ].…”

Starch/chitosan nanoparticles bionanocomposite membranes for methylene blue dye removal

“…Bionanocomposite membrane is among the latest developments in membrane technology for water treatment because it combines the benefits of both biological and nanomaterial components, offering enhanced performance, sustainability, versatility, and potentially lower cost compared to traditional membranes (Kolya and Kang 2023). Bionanocomposite membranes over the years have been investigated as filtration membranes (Ehsan et al 2023, Moradi et al 2023, Rawat et al 2023 and adsorbents (Kumar et al 2023, Zheng et al 2023 for water treatment applications. The novelty of starch/CNP bionanocomposite membranes lies in the innovative integration of biopolymers, such as starch and CNP, thus creating sustainable and efficient water treatment solutions.…”