Preparation of highly concentrated inverse emulsions of acrylamide‐based anionic copolymers as efficient water rheological modifiers

Abstract

Highly concentrated inverse anionic polymeric emulsions (with a solid content of up to 63 wt %) were prepared using a two-step methodology: (i) First, acrylamide, acrylic acid, and its ammonium salts crosslinked copolymers were obtained by inverse emulsion polymerization, (ii) The water/volatile oil mixture was then separated from the heterogeneous system by vacuum distillation. To maintain sufficient stability during the reaction and distillation processes, a ternary surfactant mixture was used. A surface response methodology was employed to obtain the optimal values of the factors involved in both process and product specifications, and to maximize the high performance of these inverse anionic polymer emulsions. This yielded a product containing up to 63.2 wt % solids capable of achieving Brookfield viscosities as high as 40.3 PaÁs, using an aliquote of these concentrated inverse polymer emulsions (1.8 wt % in deionized water). Rheological characterization (oscillatory and rotational measurements) was carried out to evaluate the behavior of the diluted inverse anionic polymer emulsion in water thickening. The methodology developed can be used to formulate a wide range of viscoelastic (G 00 /G 0 ) water-based products from anionic water soluble polymers.

Preparation of super high concentration cationic polyacrylamide emulsion and its flocculation with cationic polymers

“…The ordinary inverse emulsion has high molecular weight and narrow distribution, but because of its low content, the transportation cost is high 12 . In this paper, cationic polyacrylamide emulsions with ultra‐high concentrations (CPAME‐uhc; >65%) and excellent stability (no layering after more than 1 year) were prepared.…”

Flow Enhancement of Water-Soluble Polymers through Porous Media by Preshearing

“…The exact composition of SSW-A is given in Table . The details of a typical inverse polymerization to synthesize acrylamide-based polymers are described elsewhere. , Here, we highlight only the important aspects and focus on the role of preshearing on the flow response of polymer solutions. PS-A was prepared by first adding IS-A to SSW-A, followed by the addition of EP-A under continuous mixing with a magnetic stirrer set to 600 revolutions per minute (rpm) at room temperature.…”

Synthesis of water-soluble ionic terpolymers by inverse microemulsion and solution polymerization methods

“…Currently, there is growing interest, especially in the oil industry, in the synthesis of hydrosoluble acrylamide-derivative co- or terpolymers with high molecular weights which are stable at high temperatures in the presence of saline media. 1–6…”

“…The microemulsion method allows not only to obtain polyacrylamides or polyacrylates with high molecular weight up to 20 × 10 6 Da (ref. 15–17) by RAFT polymerization 18 or controlled/living radical polymerization, 19 but also acrylamide copolymers 2,20–22 and terpolymers 6,20,23–25 even by the semicontinuous or continuous methods. 26–31…”