Preparation of menthol-based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents for the extraction of triphenylmethane dyes: quantitative properties and extraction mechanism

Abstract

A series of natural, environmentally friendly and low-cost menthol-based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DES) were synthesized to extract triphenylmethane (TPM) dyes.

An Overview of Structure and Dynamics Associated with Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents and Their Applications in Extraction Processes

“…DLM‐C10 has enhanced water stability and lesser HDES molecules will tend to migrate into the water phase due to it's slow dynamics. These observations can be correlated with the increased extraction efficiency when moving from hexanoic to decanoic acids based HDESs, as predicted by Chen and co‐workers [107] …”

“…These observations can be correlated with the increased extraction efficiency when moving from hexanoic to decanoic acids based HDESs, as predicted by Chen and co-workers. [107]…”

“…[37][38][39][40] Utilizing the knowledge of fundamental structure and dynamics of HDESs, researchers have used simulation techniques to understand the mechanisms of extraction. [90,91,107,108] Insights gained from MD simulation further help tune the HBA and HBD species to enhance the extraction efficiency of HDESs. In this section, we have included few such studies which have explored the mechanisms of extraction using HDESs.…”

“…The solvation free energy of the EV-HDES system is greater than that of EV-water, suggesting that EV molecules prefer to migrate in the HDES phase. [107] Thus, HDESs act as good extraction agents for TPM molecules. The authors found a decrease in the net positive charge density on dyes with the increase in the bulkiness of side groups attached to N atom from MV to EV.…”

“…This study provided both experimental and theoretical evidence of efficient extraction of TPM dye from water utilizing DLM-based HDESs, and showed the increase in the extraction efficiency with increase in the length of alkyl carbon chain of HBD acids. [107] Since chlorophenols (CP) cause several environmental and health problems, researchers are putting efforts into CP removal from aqueous environment. AlNashef and co-workers performed experimental study to remove CP from wastewater using menthol based HDESs, specifically DLM-CX (X = 6, 8, and 10), menthol-thymol and used Conductor-like Screening Model for Real Solvents (COSMO-RS) technique for understanding the extraction mechanism.…”