Preparation of mesoporous zirconium incorporated MCM-48 solid acid catalyst and its catalytic activity for alkylation of phenol with tert-butyl alcohol

Abstract

2015) Preparation of mesoporous zirconium incorporated MCM-48 solid acid catalyst and its catalytic activity for alkylation of phenol with tert-butyl alcohol, Abstract Zirconium incorporated mesoporous MCM-48 solid acid catalysts with the different Si/Zr molar ratios were prepared by modification with H 2 SO 4 and NH 4 NO 3 solution, respectively. Their physicochemical properties were characterized by XRD, TEM, NH 3 -TPD and N 2 physical adsorption. The catalytic performances of these catalysts were investigated by using the alkylation reaction of phenol and tert-butyl alcohol as the target reaction. The results reveal that the SO 4 2À / ZrMCM-48 and H-ZrMCM-48 catalysts still maintained the cubic mesporous structure of MCM-48, but the mesoporous ordering decreased. Under comparable conditions, the catalytic activity of SO 4 2À /ZrMCM-48(25) solid acid catalyst is the highest among all catalysts. The lower reaction temperature is favorable for formation of the 2,4-DTBP and the 4-TBP is easily formed at the higher reaction temperature.ª 2014 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of University of Bahrain.

Polymer impregnated sulfonated carbon composite solid acid catalyst for alkylation of phenol with methyl-tert-butyl ether

“…[15][16][17][18][19] Heterogeneous acid catalysts studied so far for the tert-butylation of phenol using MTBE as an alkylating agent include cation-exchange resins, 20 zeolites, 7,[21][22][23] clay-based catalysts 24 and mesoporous molecular sieves. [25][26][27] Cation-exchange resins owing to their easy availability and low cost have been considered to be most promising, however, the physical strength of the ion exchange resins is lowered at a high temperature and therefore, the reaction must be carried out at lower temperature (100-120 C) that lead to the poor yield of the desired 4-TBPs. Recently sulfonated carbons (C-SO 3 H) derived from the incomplete carbonization of simple sugars such as glucose has come out to be a new class of catalysts exhibiting excellent catalytic performance for acid catalyzed reactions such as biodiesel synthesis.…”