“…Materials with high magnetism such as pure metals (e.g., cobalt, nickel, and iron), alloys (e.g., CoPt and FePt), and metal oxides (e.g., Fe 3 O 4 , Co 3 O 4 , and NiO) have the potential to be produced as magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). , Iron oxides such as magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) and maghemite (γ-Fe 2 O 3 ) are some of the most studied MNPs because of their high chemical stability, biocompatibility, and low cost. , They have been applied as diagnostic [e.g., as a contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)] and therapeutic (e.g., drug delivery and hyperthermia) agents. − In addition, the strong reducing property, high surface-to-volume ratio, and surface modification allow utilization of these materials as nanosorbents and photocatalysts. , Iron oxide MNPs have been incorporated in various polymeric matrices and other materials to produce magnetic nanocomposites (MNCs). − This class of materials has shown potential in various applications such as sensors, cancer therapy, drug delivery, anticounterfeiting materials, anticorrosion coatings, flame retardants, and UV protectors …”