Preparation of PLGA-chitosan based nanocarriers for enhancing antibacterial effect of ciprofloxacin in root canal infection

Abstract

The aim of this study is to prepare and evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of ciprofloxacin (CIP) loaded PLGA nanoparticles (F2) and CIP-PLGA nanoparticles coated with chitosan (F3) versus ciprofloxacin solution (Fl) as a control on Enterococcus faecalis. F2 was prepared using double emulsion evaporation technique then coated with chitosan (F3). The prepared F2 and F3 were evaluated for size, surface charge, encapsulation efficiency, morphology and in vitro release. F1, F2, F3, and Chitosan (CS) were assessed in vitro using agar diffusion technique and biofilm inhibition assay. Finally, biofilm inhibition on teeth using Colony Forming Unit (CFU) was implemented with different concentrations of the three formulae. The results revealed that F2 is 202.9 nm with a negative charge À0.0254 mv, while F3 is 339.6 nm with a positive charge þ28.5 mv. The encapsulation efficiency of F2, and F3 was 64% and 78% respectively. The amount released was 92.62% and 78.3% for F2 and F3, respectively, after 72 h, while F1 showed 100% released in the first hour. CS, F1, F2, and F3, showed antibacterial effect with inhibition zone of 12 mm, 22 mm, 20 mm, and 32 mm respectively. Biofilm inhibition of F1, F2, and F3 were 60%, 74%, and 91.8%, respectively. F3 colony count was less than F2, and F1 in all concentrations. It can be concluded that F3 had proven to exhibit potential antibacterial and antibiofilm activity in a controlled release pattern consequently, they can be used as an intracanal medication.

Chitosan Nanocarrier Entrapping Hydrophilic Drugs as Advanced Polymeric System for Dual Pharmaceutical and Cosmeceutical Application: A Comprehensive Analysis Using Box-Behnken Design

“…The amount of caffeine entrapped within the nanoparticles was determined by indirect method, through calculating the amount of unentrapped drug. The nanosuspension was centrifuged as mentioned above, and the clear supernatant containing the free unentrapped drug was collected, diluted with distilled water and measured spectrophotometrically (Jasco, V-630, Japan) at the wavelength with the maximum caffeine absorbance (λ max ) 273 nm [ 43 ]. Absorbance was converted to the corresponding concentration via a pre-constructed calibration curve [ 15 ].…”

Drug Delivery (Nano)Platforms for Oral and Dental Applications: Tissue Regeneration, Infection Control, and Cancer Management

“…The antibacterial and anti-biofilm capability of this nanosystem renders it potentially useful for use as an interappointment intracal medicament. [193] Nanoparticle-based photosensitizers have been found to augment the antimicrobial effect of photodynamic therapy. In an in vitro study, methylene blue dye-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanoparticles were used in combination with photodynamic therapy to eradicate E. faecalis biofilms, with improved bacterial phototoxicity.…”

<p>Chitosan-Coated PLGA Nanoparticles for Enhanced Ocular Anti-Inflammatory Efficacy of Atorvastatin Calcium</p>

“…The suspension was freeze centrifuged (2-16KL, Sigma Laborzentrifugen GmbH, Osterode am Harz, Germany) and the obtained NPs were washed with distilled water and kept in the refrigerator at°C for further studies. [17][18][19] Characterization of AT-PLGA-CS-NPs Particle size, particle distribution, and the surface charge of formed NPs were quantized on a Zetasizer Nano ZS90 (Malvern Instruments Ltd., Malvern, UK). AT-PLGA-CS-NP morphology was inspected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM; H-600, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan).…”