Preparation of polyacrylamide grafted collagen extracted from leather wastes and their application in kaolin flocculation

Abstract

This is probably the first report on the synthesis of a series of novel collagen-based flocculants (CP11, CP12, and CP13) by grafting polyacrylamide (PAM) chains onto the collagen backbone, which was directly extracted from leather shavings via alkali hydrolysis. The results from FTIR, XRD, 1 H NMR, and TGA well supported that PAM chains had been successfully grafted onto collagen backbone. In addition, the micrographs of SEM revealed that the PAM grafted collagen possessed much more porous and looser surface structures in comparison with virgin collagen. Zeta potential measurement showed that the introduction of branched PAM chains helped to improve the positively charge density. Furthermore, CP12 performed the best in the kaolin flocculation with the highest flocculation rate about 24%Ámin 21 and could induce the generation of much larger and denser floccs for the fast settling of kaolin particles. The corresponding flocculation mechanism was also presented by analyzing the collected flocs.

Real-Time Personal Fever Alert Monitoring by Wearable Detector Based on Thermoresponsive Hydrogel

“…41,42 For the agarose@P(NIPAM-co-AM), the band at 1547 cm −1 corresponds to the N−H bending vibration, while the band at 1462 cm −1 is attributed to the C−N stretching in C−NH 2 of PAM. 43,44 The deformation vibration peaks at ∼1388 and ∼1368 cm −1 are attributed to the C−H bond in the isopropyl group of PNIPAM, 24,45 altogether confirming the formation of the P(NIPAM-co-AM) copolymer. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) was further used whose results are presented in Figure S5b,c.…”

“…In the agarose hydrogel, the broad peaks at ∼3420 and ∼2910 cm –1 can be attributed to stretching vibration of O–H groups and C–H groups, respectively . Furthermore, the bands at ∼1156 and ∼1072 cm –1 are assigned to the C–O–C and C–OH stretching vibrations, which are characteristic to agarose. , For the agarose@P­(NIPAM- co -AM), the band at 1547 cm –1 corresponds to the N–H bending vibration, while the band at 1462 cm –1 is attributed to the C–N stretching in C–NH 2 of PAM. , The deformation vibration peaks at ∼1388 and ∼1368 cm –1 are attributed to the C–H bond in the isopropyl group of PNIPAM, , altogether confirming the formation of the P­(NIPAM- co -AM) copolymer. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) was further used whose results are presented in Figure S5b,c.…”

Preparation of a Lignin-Based Cationic Flocculant and Its Application in Kaolin Suspension Treatment

“…The long-branched structure of AM greatly strengthened bridging and netting effects. This synergistic mechanism enabled the suspended kaolin particles to combine and settle quickly during flocculation [ 37 ].…”

Preparation and characterization of polyvinyl alcohol/secondary collagen fiber gel membrane with excellent mechanical property

“…27 (3) Flocculation, for example, a series of collagen-based flocculants were designed and synthesized by grafting polyacrylamide (PAM) or both acrylamide (AM) and 2-methacryloyloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) chains onto the collagen backbone. 28,29 (4) Wave-absorbing material, for instance, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding core-shell nanomaterials were prepared by having a chromiumbased nanoparticle core encapsulated by partially graphitized nanocarbon layers that are self-doped with oxygen and nitrogen functionalities. 30 Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a widely used synthetic polymer with excellent qualities, such as good hydrophilicity, mechanical properties, heat resistance, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity.…”

“…(2) Leather material, for example, suede flocking leather was produced by controlling the ratio of CF and adhesive 27 . (3) Flocculation, for example, a series of collagen‐based flocculants were designed and synthesized by grafting polyacrylamide (PAM) or both acrylamide (AM) and 2‐methacryloyloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) chains onto the collagen backbone 28,29 . (4) Wave‐absorbing material, for instance, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding core‐shell nanomaterials were prepared by having a chromium‐based nanoparticle core encapsulated by partially graphitized nanocarbon layers that are self‐doped with oxygen and nitrogen functionalities 30 …”