Preparation of Polymer Membranes by In Situ Interfacial Polymerization

Adamczak, Michał; Kamińska, Gabriela; Bohdziewicz, Jolanta

doi:10.1155/2019/6217924

Cited by 35 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(107 reference statements)

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“…The unmodified polyethersulfone membrane, which exhibited a greater contact angle due to its inherited low hydrophilicity, attained the lowest flux recovery ratio (FFR). This was a typical hydrophobic membrane and followed its reported character [78][79][80][81]. This behavior suggests that the membrane was fouled during BSA rejection and backwashing could not restore the membrane performance/flux.…”

Section: Flux and Rejection Analysismentioning

confidence: 81%

Development of ZSM-22/Polyethersulfone Membrane for Effective Salt Rejection

2020

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ZSM-22/polyethersulfone membranes were prepared for salt rejection using modelled brackish water. The membranes were fabricated via direct ZSM-22 incorporation into a polymer matrix, thereby inducing the water permeability, hydrophilicity and fouling resistance of the pristine polyethersulfone (PES) membrane. A ZSM-22 zeolite material with a 60 Si/Al ratio, high crystallinity and needle-like morphologies was produced and effectively used as a nanoadditive in the development of ZSM-22/PES membranes with nominal loadings of 0–0.75 wt.%. The characterisation and membrane performance evaluation of the resulting materials with XRD, BET, FTIR, TEM, SEM and contact angle as well as dead-end cell, respectively, showed improved water permeability in comparison with the pristine PES membrane. These ZSM-22/PES membranes were found to be more effective and superior in the processing of modelled brackish water. The salt rejection of the prepared membranes for NaCl and MgCl2 was effective, while they exhibited quite improved water flux and flux recovery ratios in the membrane permeability and anti-fouling test. This indicates that different amounts of ZSM-22 nanoadditives produce widely divergent influences on the performance of the pristine PES membrane. As such, over 55% of salt rejection is observed, which means that the obtained membranes are effective in salt removal from water.

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Section: Flux and Rejection Analysismentioning

confidence: 81%

Development of ZSM-22/Polyethersulfone Membrane for Effective Salt Rejection

2020

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“…In addition, it would be of significant interest to develop a membrane based on polymer technology with simultaneous switchable flux and salt rejection as water compositions vary considerably [2]. In this direction, membrane surface morphology such as surface roughness, charge, and pore size can affect the performance of the membranes [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modification of TFC-PA RO Membrane by Grafting Hydrophilic pH Switchable Poly(Acrylic Acid) Brushes

Abbas

Mushtaq

Cheema

et al. 2020

Advances in Polymer Technology

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The grafting of pH-responsive poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) brushes was carried out on the surface of a commercial TFC-PA membrane using surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). Poly(t-butyl acrylate) was polymerized through the SI-ATRP method followed by its acid hydrolysis to form PAA hydrophilic polymer brushes. Surface morphology, permeation flux, salt rejection, and pore sizes were investigated. The contact angle for water was reduced from 50° for a pristine membrane to 27° for the modified membrane due to a modification with the hydrophilic functional group and its brush on membrane surfaces. The flux rate also increased noticeably at lower pH values relative to higher pH for the modified membranes, while the flux remains stable in the case of pristine TFC-PA membranes. There is slight transition in the water flux rate that was also observed when going from pH values of 3 to 5. This was attributed to the pH-responsive conformational changes for the grafted PAA brushes. At these pH values, ionization of the COOH group takes place below and above pKa to influence the effective pore dimension of the modified membranes. At a lower pH value, the PAA brushes seem to permit tight structure conformation resulting in larger pore sizes and hence more flux. On the other hand, at higher pH values, PAA brushes appeared to be in extended conformation to induce smaller pore sizes and result in less flux. Further, pH values were observed to not significantly affect the NaCl salt rejection with values observed in between 98.8% and 95% and close to that of the pristine TFC-PA membranes. These experimental results are significant and have immediate implication for advances in polymer technology to design and modify the “switchable membrane surfaces” with controllable charge distribution and surface wettability, as well as regulation of water flux and salt.

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“…The surface-located type of membranes can be prepared by various methods such as coating/ deposition, self-assembly and chemical grafting of the NPs on a porous support. 32,208 Surface modification and functionalization of incorporated NPs, modified IP techniques, the use of metal alkoxides, alignment of nanofillers or nanotubes are relatively effective approaches to improve dispersion of NPs in solution for the IP process or provide stronger covalent bonds to the polyamide matrix. 36 Recently, several researchers have focused on the functionalization of nano-additives by amine groups into the organic solution of the IP method, to achieve a better dispersion of hydrophilic zeolites into polyamide matrix membrane structure.…”

Section: Zeolites In Pressure-driven Membrane Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of zeolite materials used in membranes for water purification: history, applications, challenges and future trends

Far

Bruggen

Verliefde

et al. 2021

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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This review provides a fundamental assessment of the potential of zeolite particles incorporated into polymeric membranes in view of improving the performance of these membranes. Zeolites are of interest as having extensive potential in separation processes due to their unique frameworks and properties. Significant investigations have been carried out to improve conventional membrane properties by the inclusion of zeolites. Zeolite membranes can be classified into three categories: (i) selfsupported zeolite membranes, (ii) inorganic-supported zeolite membranes and (iii) zeolites mixed into a polymeric membrane matrix or top layer. The focus of this review is on nanosized zeolite particles incorporated into the polymeric structure of membranes, with specific attention to a polyamide layer used in pressure-driven membrane processes such as reverse osmosis. The incorporation of inorganic zeolite particles in the polymer matrix enhances the permeability without decreasing the selectivity, and increases the mechanical strength in a harsh environment and fouling and chlorine resistance of the membranes. Agglomeration of nanosized zeolites and defect formation are highlighted as the main obstacles to the fabrication of large-scale highperformance zeolite membranes in order to identify strategies to solve these issues. Among the different strategies, adding a crosslinking agent to the interfacial polymerization process might be a promising method for fabricating homogeneous zeolite-polymer composite membranes with excellent performance. This paper provides a better understanding of the knowledge acquired in the development of polymer-based zeolite nanocomposite membranes and gives perspectives for future research.

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Preparation of Polymer Membranes by In Situ Interfacial Polymerization

Cited by 35 publications

References 70 publications

Development of ZSM-22/Polyethersulfone Membrane for Effective Salt Rejection

Development of ZSM-22/Polyethersulfone Membrane for Effective Salt Rejection

Surface Modification of TFC-PA RO Membrane by Grafting Hydrophilic pH Switchable Poly(Acrylic Acid) Brushes

A review of zeolite materials used in membranes for water purification: history, applications, challenges and future trends

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