“…However, inorganic thermal insulation materials, especially porous ceramics, showed high porosity, low thermal conductivity, good mechanical strength, excellent heat insulation properties, and high-temperature resistance, which have been widely used in industrial fields with extremely severe conditions. 5 To date, several techniques for preparing porous ceramics have been developed, such as organic foam impregnation 6 , freeze-drying 7 , sol-gel 8 , 3D printing, 9 and direct gel-foaming. 10 Among the above methods, the direct gel-foaming technology is regarded as the most popular technique for preparing porous ceramics owing to its high efficiency, low cost, strong controllability of product structures, and excellent thermal insulation performance of products 11 .…”