“…However, chronic shortages, especially in rural areas, spurred a move to distance education models, including the use of within-or across-state consortium agreements (DeMario & Heinze, 2001). Such programs have used combinations of Web-based instruction with interactive television and/or occasional face-to-face meetings in Colorado (Ferrell, Perschitte, Lowell, & Roberts, 2001), Michigan (Bruce & Hwang, 2001), California (Lueck, 2002), Utah (Day & Sebastian, 2002), Texas (Cooper & Keefe, 2001;Griffin-Shirely, Almon, & Kelley, 2002), and New York (Trief, Decker, & Ryan, 2004).…”