Preparation of the Layer-by-Layer Deposited Ultrathin Film Based on the Charge-Transfer Interaction

Abstract

This paper is concerned with a novel layer-by-layer adsorption method for preparing multilayer assemblies of polymeric materials. We employed two kinds polymers, poly[2-(9-carbazolyl)ethyl methacrylate] and poly[2-[(3,5-dinitrobenzoyl)oxy]ethyl methacrylate], both bearing nonionic pendant groups in the side chains which have electron-donating character and electron-accepting character, respectively. These polymers were alternatively adsorbed onto the gold surface and the quartz substrates from the solutions in methylene chloride. The formation of this multilayer assembly is based on the charge-transfer (CT) interaction between these groups at the solid−liquid interface and the films obtained have periodic layers of CT complexes. The successive increase of the thickness could be easily monitored by surface plasmon measurements. The thickness increment increased with the increase in the number of layers, and the increment became constant around the 10th layer, indicating that the total thickness of the film increases linearly by the alternating adsorption of the counter polymer.

Paradigm shift from self-assembly to commanded assembly of functional materials: recent examples in porphyrin/fullerene supramolecular systems

“…In addition to polymeric materials including synthetic polymers [104,105], biopolymers [106,107], and inorganic colloidal objects [108,109], small organic molecules such as dyes and molecular assemblies [110,111] can be immobilized into thin layers by using this method. Because driving forces for assembly can be expanded to other interactions including coordination [112,113], hydrogen bonding [114,115], biospecific recognition [116,117], and formation of charge transfer complexes [118] and stereo-complexes [119,120], various kinds of organic functional molecules can be incorporated to the films through supramolecular interactions.…”

High Efficient Loading of Hydrophobic Molecules in Layer-by-Layer Assembled Microgel Films with the Assistance of Surfactant Micelles

“…同时, 不带 有电荷的物质可以基于氢键 [9] 、卤键 [10] 、配位键 [11] 、电 荷转移 [12] 等相互作用实现层层组装膜的构筑. 然而, 疏 水有机小分子由于缺少组装所需要的功能性基团难以 通过常规的层层组装方法实现层层组装膜的制备.…”

Carbon Nanotube-Based Thin Films: Synthesis and Properties

“…The driving forces include electrostatic interactions, [93][94][95] hydrogen bonding, [96,97] charge-transfer interactions, [98] and coordination bonding. [99] For construction of CNT composites, LBL assembly allows excellent control of thickness and composition and diminished phase segregation compared with other methods.…”