Preparation of thin films by activated reactive evaporation technique

Randhawa, H. S.; Bunshah, R.F.; Brock, Daniela; Başol, B.M.; Stafsudd, Oscar M.

doi:10.1016/0165-1633(82)90030-2

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The prominent and distinct phases of copper sulde are chalcocite (Cu 2 S), djurleite (Cu 1.96 S), annilite (Cu 1.75 S) and covellite (CuS) at room temperature. 17 In literature, various methods are reported to synthesize Cu x S which include chemical vapor deposition (CVD), 18 ultrasonic spray pyrolysis, 19 chemical bath deposition (CBD), 20 reactive evaporation, 21 RF sputtering 22 and electrochemical processes. 16 Cu 2 S can also be used as an ideal light absorber in extremely thin absorber (ETA) solar cells due to non-toxicity, low cost, abundance, and good absorption characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-source mediated facile electrosynthesis of p-Cu₂S thin films on TCO (SnO₂:F) with enhanced photocatalytic activities

et al. 2015

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Electrosynthesis of p-Cu 2 S thin films on a fluorine-doped tin oxide coated transparent conducting TCO (SnO 2 :F) glass substrate is carried out by chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry (CV) using an ethanolic solution of a single-source precursor (SP), [Cu(mdpa) 2 ][CuCl 2 ] (where mdpa is 3,5-dimethyl pyrazole-1-dithioic acid). The appropriate potential at which the formation of stoichiometric p-Cu 2 S thin films occurs was found to be À0.48 V. The mechanism of the selective deposition of the p-Cu 2 S phase can be described by the electroreduction of Cu-N/S bonds in the coordination sphere following the dissociation of a precursor complex into Cu + and mdpa. The free ligand mdpa is reduced to sulfide ion producing volatile organics in the electrochemical process. The quality deposition of thin films depends on the optimization of the SP concentration. An X-ray diffraction study reveals the high chalcosite phase of copper sulfide with preferential orientation along the (110) plane. The I-V characteristic of the as deposited Cu 2 S/TCO thin film shows a non-ohmic behavior suggesting the formation of a p-n heterojunction diode. The p-Cu 2 S/TCO thin films are found to be excellent photocatalysts for the photo-degradation of Congo Red (CR) under visible light irradiation. It has also been shown that the photocatalytic activity of the deposited thin films increased many fold with the addition of a catalytic amount of hydrogen peroxide in the photo-degradation of Rose Bengal (RB) dye under visible light irradiation. A possible mechanism for the improved photoactivity of p-Cu 2 S/TCO is proposed and involves the electron scavenging property of H 2 O 2 followed by OH À radical formation, significantly accelerating the photodegradation of RB dye.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-source mediated facile electrosynthesis of p-Cu₂S thin films on TCO (SnO₂:F) with enhanced photocatalytic activities

et al. 2015

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“…The high electrical conductivity arises from copper deficiency in the films, which make them p-type [49]. This is a feature of copper chalcogenide films prepared by vacuum-based techniques as well [50]. The optical characteristics such as the one presented in Fig.…”

Section: Photocurrent Responsementioning

confidence: 96%

98/03942 Semiconductor thin films by chemical bath deposition for solar energy related applications

1998

Fuel and Energy Abstracts

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In this paper we present the basic concepts underlying the chemical bath deposition technique and the recipes developed in our laboratory during the past ten years for the deposition of good-quality thin films of CdS, CdSe, ZnS, ZnSe, PbS, SnS, Bi S , Bi Se , Sb S , CuS, CuSe, etc. Typical growth curves, and optical and electrical properties of these films are presented. The effect of annealing the films in air on their structure and composition and on the electrical properties is notable: CdS and ZnS films become conductive through a partial conversion to oxide phase; CdSe becomes photosensitive, SnS converts to SnO , etc. The use of precipitates formed during deposition for screen printing and sintering, in polymer composites and as a source for vapor-phase deposition is presented. Some examples of the application of the films in solar energy related work are presented.1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

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“…14,18,19 Copper sulfide, however, has a fairly complex crystal chemistry generally represented as Cu x S (2 > x > 1), because there are numerous stable and metastable species that have various compositions ranging between Cu 2 S (Chalcocite) and CuS (Covellite), 19,20 wherein Cu 2 S is not as stable in solution as CuS. 21 It has been demonstrated that Cu 2 S is a good compound for an active light-absorbing component, an example of which was given by the synthesis of colloidal Cu 2 S nanocrystals that were then applied as an active light-absorbing compound in combination with CdS nanorods to produce a solar cell with 1.6% power conversion efficiency and stability over a four month testing period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Synthesis of PbS/Cu2S/ZnS nanoparticles and their optical properties

Serrano¹,

Gómez²

2015

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology B, Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Materials, Processing, Measurement, and Phen

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The use of simple stabilizers, such as trisodium citrate and 3-mercaptopropionic acid, with the colloidal solution-phase growth method is successful in synthesizing PbS/Cu2S core/shell nanoparticles with emission in the visible range and with improved luminescence properties. The core/shell arrangement for particles with different crystalline structures is achieved, and, in addition, the first reported synthesis of the PbS/Cu2S/ZnS core/shell/shell system. The absorption and photoluminescence spectra and scanning electron microscopy images provide direct proof of the formation of PbS/Cu2S cores with sizes around 20 nm and a ZnS secondary shell 8 nm thick. According to the ultraviolet–visible absorption and photoluminescence spectra, the optical characteristics observed in the synthesized material correspond to a PbS/Cu2S/ZnS system with higher confinement than the PbS/Cu2S nanoparticles. The quantum yield improves by 14% from the PbS/Cu2S to the PbS/Cu2S/ZnS nanoparticles.

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Preparation of thin films by activated reactive evaporation technique

Cited by 33 publications

References 3 publications

Single-source mediated facile electrosynthesis of p-Cu₂S thin films on TCO (SnO₂:F) with enhanced photocatalytic activities

Single-source mediated facile electrosynthesis of p-Cu₂S thin films on TCO (SnO₂:F) with enhanced photocatalytic activities

98/03942 Semiconductor thin films by chemical bath deposition for solar energy related applications

Synthesis of PbS/Cu2S/ZnS nanoparticles and their optical properties

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Preparation of thin films by activated reactive evaporation technique

Cited by 33 publications

References 3 publications

Single-source mediated facile electrosynthesis of p-Cu2S thin films on TCO (SnO2:F) with enhanced photocatalytic activities

Single-source mediated facile electrosynthesis of p-Cu2S thin films on TCO (SnO2:F) with enhanced photocatalytic activities

98/03942 Semiconductor thin films by chemical bath deposition for solar energy related applications

Synthesis of PbS/Cu2S/ZnS nanoparticles and their optical properties

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Single-source mediated facile electrosynthesis of p-Cu₂S thin films on TCO (SnO₂:F) with enhanced photocatalytic activities

Single-source mediated facile electrosynthesis of p-Cu₂S thin films on TCO (SnO₂:F) with enhanced photocatalytic activities