Preparation of titanium oxycarbide from various titanium raw materials: Part I. Carbothermal reduction

Gao, Chengjun; Jiang, Bo; Cao, Zhanmin; Huang, Kai; Zhu, Hongmin

doi:10.1007/s12598-010-0166-4

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In USTB process, the titanium oxycarbides were prepared by carbothermal reduction of pure titanium dioxide . In order to reduce the cost, titanium oxycarbides could be obtained by carbothermal reduction of titanium‐iron ores . However, the oxygen content in the TiC 1− x O x anode material has great effect on the product .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[16][17][18] In order to reduce the cost, titanium oxycarbides could be obtained by carbothermal reduction of titanium-iron ores. 19 However, the oxygen content in the TiC 1Àx O x anode material has great effect on the product. [20][21][22] The lack of thermodynamic data and structure properties of TiC 1Àx O x with different oxygen content has restricted the further research, so it is very important to evaluate the thermodynamic and structure properties of TiC 1Àx O x with different oxygen content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and first‐principles study of Ti–C–O system: Interplay of thermodynamic and structural properties

et al. 2017

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The thermodynamic properties and vacancy formation mechanism of Ti–C–O system were investigated by means of empirical calorimetry method and first‐principles calculations. The heat of combustion of titanium oxycarbides (TiC1−xOx, 0≤x≤1) solid solution were first measured by burning the materials in oxygen bomb calorimeter through sophisticated design experimental environment. The mixing enthalpy of the reaction (1−x)TiC + xTiO=TiC1−xOx was further calculated based on the measured data. Mixing enthalpy was also calculated via efficient first‐principles method based on the density functional theory. The vacancies in TiC1−xOx were described as two kinds of models that are disordered and segregated vacancies in titanium oxycarbides solid solution. The calculation results with segregation model show good agreement with the calorimetric results. The heat capacity values were further calculated to deduce the mixing and formation Gibbs free energy. The additive law of the heat capacity and entropy means that the structure of titanium oxycarbides tends to be in order, and this result shows a good agreement with the segregated model in TiC1−xOx. These results are explained on the basis of the interplay between thermodynamic and structural properties, which offered the important theoretic foundation for the novel titanium production process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and first‐principles study of Ti–C–O system: Interplay of thermodynamic and structural properties

et al. 2017

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“…11,12 More recent studies have concentrated on applications that make use of the properties of titanium oxycarbide itself. Titanium oxycarbides exhibit properties that are characteristic of metallic, ionic and covalent systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,15 The high hardness of titanium oxycarbide makes it suitable for use in wear resistant coatings. 16,17 Titanium oxycarbides are most often formed in an inert atmosphere or vacuum from the carbothermal reduction of TiO2 with graphite or hydrocarbons 11 or by the direct reaction of titanium metal with titanium were compacted into pellets of 14 mm diameter using a uniaxial hydraulic press. The pellets were either fired in a tube furnace in flowing argon at 1400-1450 °C for 12h or under vacuum in a Centorr Torvac vacuum furnace at 1500 °C for 5h.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the crystal structure, magnetic and conductivity properties of titanium oxycarbide solid solution (TiO_1−xC_x)

et al. 2016

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Titanium oxides and carbides are often considered as electrode materials in energy conversion and storage devices due to their high potential conductivity and good stability. Titanium monoxide and titanium carbide have structures that can both be described as rocksalt with the same cubic close packed titanium sublattice with oxygen and carbon respectively occupying the octahedral interstices; however the oxide is characterised by extensive defects on both sublattices whilst the carbide is stoichiometric and might be considered as an interstitial metal. Despite the anticipated very different natures of the oxide and carbide sublattices, these two phases actually form a complete solid solution. In the present investigation, we carefully characterise this titanium oxycarbide solid solution, reporting on crystal structure, magnetic and electronic conduction properties. Titanium oxycarbide powders (TiO1-xCx with x = 0 ≤ x ≤ 1) have been prepared by solid state reaction of TiO and TiC powder under controlled environments at elevated temperatures. X-ray diffraction and pycnometric density measurements illustrate the gradual transition of crystal structure of titanium oxycarbides from vacancy containing rock-salt structure of TiO to the fully occupied TiC with increase in carbon content in the oxycarbide lattice. The variation of lattice parameter of oxycarbide crystal as a function of carbon content has been found to be non-linear which can be attributed to variations in the level of vacancies present in metal as well as non-metal sub-lattices.The existence of short-range ordering of anion vacancies in oxycarbide with a nominal composition of TiO0.5C0.5 where half of oxygen of TiO is replaced by carbon has been confirmed by selected-area electron diffraction studies. Low temperature magnetic and conductivity measurements confirm that all oxycarbide compositions are Pauli paramagnetic and good metallic conductors.

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“…It was widely used as decoration materials with corrosion-resistant, cutting tool materials with wear-resistant, and raw materials of soluble anode electrolysis, due to its out-standing performance such as high melting point, high hardness, good electric conductivity, and excellent thermal conductivity [1][2][3][4] . Titanium oxycarbide could be prepared by such methods as solid-solid thermal reaction, gas-solid reaction and electrochemical deoxidation, and these solid phase reactions with easy operation have realized the large-scale production [5][6][7][8] . So far, soluble anode electrolysis of titanium oxycarbide (TiC x O 1−x ), which is regarded as a new technology for titanium preparation by molten electrolysis, has already become a focus of academic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolution Characteristic of Titanium Oxycarbide Electrolysis

Mu¹,

Zhu²,

Deng³

2017

Mater. Trans.

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Aiming at the problems of residual anode and free carbon generated in titanium oxycarbide electrolysis (TiC 0.5 O 0.5 ), the phase composition and microstructure of TiC 0.5 O 0.5 were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS and POM. The results show that: titanium oxycarbide (TiC 0.5 O 0.5 ) with similar crystal morphology and structure could be obtained by carbothermic reduction from TiO 2 and sintering from TiC and TiO, which is composed of 15 21% gray-white titanium carbide, 56 69% yellow titanium oxycarbide and 13 25% aubergine titanium oxycarbide. The grain color of titanium oxycarbide is related to the content of carbon and oxygen. Gray-white titanium carbide contains 20 30% C, yellow titanium oxycarbide 10 50% C and 10 20% O, and aubergine titanium oxycarbide 5 10%C and 25 30% O. The structure of titanium oxycarbide is not uniformity, which results in the formation of residual anode and carbon. The gray-white and aubergine components in titanium oxycarbide are rich in TiC and TiO respectively, which generate free C, CO 2 , Ti 2 O 3 and TiO 2 after electrolysis.

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Preparation of titanium oxycarbide from various titanium raw materials: Part I. Carbothermal reduction

Cited by 26 publications

References 10 publications

Experimental and first‐principles study of Ti–C–O system: Interplay of thermodynamic and structural properties

Experimental and first‐principles study of Ti–C–O system: Interplay of thermodynamic and structural properties

Studies on the crystal structure, magnetic and conductivity properties of titanium oxycarbide solid solution (TiO_1−xC_x)

Dissolution Characteristic of Titanium Oxycarbide Electrolysis

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Preparation of titanium oxycarbide from various titanium raw materials: Part I. Carbothermal reduction

Cited by 26 publications

References 10 publications

Experimental and first‐principles study of Ti–C–O system: Interplay of thermodynamic and structural properties

Experimental and first‐principles study of Ti–C–O system: Interplay of thermodynamic and structural properties

Studies on the crystal structure, magnetic and conductivity properties of titanium oxycarbide solid solution (TiO1−xCx)

Dissolution Characteristic of Titanium Oxycarbide Electrolysis

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Studies on the crystal structure, magnetic and conductivity properties of titanium oxycarbide solid solution (TiO_1−xC_x)