Preparation of ultra-flame retardant wood materials with mechanical reinforcement and water resistance through biomimetic mineralization of carbonated apatite

Abstract

The preparation of wood products with mechanical reinforcement, ame retardancy, and water resistance is still a problem to be solved. In this work, carbonated apatite (CAp) was biomimetically mineralized in wood vessel by the method of gradient impregnation. The CAp@wood 75G sample with the weight gain of 75% showed the greatest bending strength due to the formation of organic-inorganic composites. With the high bending strength, the CAp@wood 75G sample exhibited elevated limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 60.4% and passed the UL-94 V-0. In cone calorimetry, the peak of heat release rate and total heat release for CAp@wood 75G sample were lessened by 68.2% and 53.1% respectively, compared with that of natural wood sample. Furthermore, the LOI of CAp@wood 75G was still as high as 38.4% with V-0 rating after immersed in water for 24 h. Furthermore, the ame retardant mechanism was explored and generalized. The CAp was decomposed to produced CO 2 and H 2 O to dilute the combustible gases in the air, and catalyzed wood to form the barrier of heat and oxygen during burning. Moreover, CAp produced inorganic salts which played the protective layer role. To conclude, this e cient processing method by bioinspired mineralization was eco-friendly and effective.

Investigation into the Performance Enhancement of Calcium Phosphate Mineralization-Compacted Chinese Fir

“…The THR curves of DdW and CaP-DdW (Figure 6a) exhibited similar trends to NW but with lower values, measuring 61.4 MJ/m 2 for DdW and 49.5 MJ/m 2 for CaP-DdW, respectively. These values were found to be lower 15.7% and 32% than that observed for NW at 72.8 MJ/m 2 , indicating a synergistic effect between densification and mineral enhancement for improving the flame-retardant properties [48].…”

Layered Double Hydroxide-Polyaniline Nanofibers in Lightweight Aerogels for Bioinspired Flame-Retardant Wood

“…Nevertheless, it is a challenging task to form layered coatings on wood surfaces with strong adhesion that can withstand extreme temperatures in flame, as otherwise long combustion will eventually cause the collapse of the wood framework. Alternatively, mineralization has become an alternative approach for the deposition of large-quantity, flame-retardant nanoparticle assemblies, such as mesocrystals, in cellular compartments of wood cells. − The solid constituents of a high load for filling the cellular compartments, though successful in the integration of flame-retardancy, largely sacrifices the lightweight nature of wood.…”