Preparation of β-Li 2 TiO 3 pebbles by a modified indirect wet chemistry method

Numerous efforts have been made to fabricate Li2TiO3 tritium breeding ceramics with satisfactory density and mechanical strength while maintaining a fine grain structure. In this study, high‐energy ball milling was performed to promote grain refinement and amorphization of TiO2 and Li2CO3 powders, thereby preparing Li2TiO3 ceramic at a reduced sintering temperature. In the presence of high‐energy ball milling, powder mixtures with particle sizes of 24–29 nm were obtained, and the formation of β‐Li2TiO3 occurred at 400°C. The relative density and crushing load of Li2TiO3 ceramic pebbles improved as the ball‐to‐powder ratio and milling time increased. The Li2TiO3 ceramic pebbles sintered at 900°C exhibited a tiny grain size, satisfactory relative density (89%), and excellent crushing load (121 ± 13 N). The results also demonstrated that Li2TiO3 ceramic possessed the maximum thermal conductivity and ionic conductivity under the conditions of a 20:1 ball‐to‐powder ratio and 20 h milling time, that is, 5.028 W/m·K and 1.87×10−2 S/m at room temperature. Overall, the high‐energy ball milling process has shown advantages in the fabrication of tritium breeding ceramics with fine‐grained structure and excellent comprehensive performance.

“…Ceramic pebbles were prepared by a wet method 20,21 . That is, the powder mixtures and 20 vol.% glycol solution were mixed in a certain proportion to form slurry.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation Of LI 2 Tio 3 Ceramic Pebblesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Milling Time (Mt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fabrication of fine‐grained Li₂TiO₃ ceramic with enhanced performance using high‐energy ball milling

Wang,

Gong,

Kang

et al. 2023

“…Since spheres are convenient in assembling of fusion reactor blanket with complex geometry, sphere structure is an optimum solution of Lithium‐based tritium breeding materials at present. To date, the fabrication process of Li 2 TiO 3 pebbles mainly included as follows: wet‐method, 8,18 dry‐rolling granulation, 6 extrusion‐spheronization‐sintering, 13 graphite bed process, 19 sol‐gel method 20 . and melt spraying method 21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study on the properties of Li₂TiO₃ powders and pebbles fabricated by different routes

Wan

Cai

Tan

et al. 2023

Lithium titanate (Li 2 TiO 3 ) is one of the promising candidate breeders for tritium self-sufficiency of deuterium(D)-tritium(T) fusion reaction. The differences in powder synthesis methods have a great impact on the properties of Li 2 TiO 3 powders and the performance of Li 2 TiO 3 ceramic pebbles. In this study, the Li 2 TiO 3 powders were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method and solid-state method, and then the pebbles were fabricated by the agar-based wet method. The mechanism of hydrothermal synthesis of Li 2 TiO 3 powder was discussed.For the hydrothermal method, the Li 2 TiO 3 powder with single phase can be obtained when the rate of Li/Ti = 2.4, and the powder presented two different morphology, which involved two reaction mechanisms, including in-situ phase transformation mechanism and dissolution-precipitation mechanism, the phase transformation from α-Li 2 TiO 3 to β-Li 2 TiO 3 accomplished at 400 • C, which is lower than that of 750 • C for solid-state method. Li 2 TiO 3 pebbles prepared by the hydrothermal-wet method had a uniform pore distribution, an optimal grain size of 2.7 μm, a crushing load of 58.6 N, and relative density of 90.2%, respectively. In comparison, pebbles prepared by the solid-state-wet method also had better mechanical properties, which the crushing load and relative density were 53.9 N and 86.9% respectively under the optimal fabrication conditions.

“…9,10 A highly open porosity of hydroxyapatite facilitates the release of adsorbed antibiotics, 11 and high specific area and low ink-bottle content favor the catalytic activity. 9 Therefore, a variety of methods have been exploited to obtain porous ceramic beads with high porosity and hier-archically pore structure, such as phase inversion, 6 wet process, 12 emulsification formwork, 13 and ice-templated spray drying. 14 Among these methods, ice template, also known as freeze casting, has attracted considerable interest relying on their simplicity and great flexibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Densification behavior and attrition resistance of porous Al₂O₃beads prepared by dripping‐ice templating

Hou

Yang

Tian

et al. 2023

Porous Al 2 O 3 ceramic beads with a small-scale lamellar pore structure were prepared by the dripping-ice templating method. The densification behavior of lamellar walls and the attrition resistance of porous Al 2 O 3 beads were investigated. For the two-dimensional structural lamellar walls, the intrinsic pores shrunk, and the necking area grew during the sintering process, leading to the densification of lamellar walls and the shrinking of porous beads. In addition, the two-dimensional lamellar walls and three-dimensional Al 2 O 3 bulk are compared and possibilities of elaborating of the discrepancy in grain size and pore morphology are discussed. Attrition resistance was determined by a grinding test.The dominant attrition mechanism of porous Al 2 O 3 beads is abrasion. High sintering temperature led to a decrease in the attrition rate due to a wider necking area and denser pore walls.